Editorial Board

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology, Volume 181





http://ift.tt/2sYWAjt

Immune complexes containing malondialdehyde (MDA) LDL induce apoptosis in human macrophages

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Gabriel Virella, Kelsey Wilson, Johnathon Elkes, Samar M. Hammad, Hussein A. Rajab, Yanchun Li, Charlyne Chassereau, Yan Huang, Maria Lopes-Virella
Immune complexes (IC) containing predominantly malondialdehyde-LDL and the corresponding autoantibodies (MDA-LDL IC) predict acute cardiovascular events, while IC rich in oxidized LDL (oxLDL IC) predict cardiovascular disease progression. Our objective was to determine mechanisms that could explain these prognostic differences. We compared the effects of the interaction of oxLDL, MDA-LDL and the corresponding IC with human macrophages focusing on apoptosis, metalloproteinases, and proinflammatory cytokines. MDA-LDL IC induced higher degrees of apoptosis, higher levels of caspase-3 expression, and increased expression and release of MMP-1 and TNF compared to MDA-LDL, oxLDL, and oxLDL-IC. The pro-apoptotic effects of MDA-LDL IC were inhibited by blocking TNFR 1 or FcγRI. Blocking FcγRI abrogated the induction and expression of MMPs and proinflammatory cytokines by MDA-LDL IC. In conclusion, the interaction of MDA-LDL IC with FcγRI triggers macrophage apoptosis and increased expression and release of TNF and MMP-1, which can lead to the rupture of unstable plaques.



http://ift.tt/2tt9Ujz

Idiopathic T cell lymphopenia identified in New York State Newborn Screening

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Stephanie Albin-Leeds, Juliana Ochoa, Harshna Mehta, Beth H. Vogel, Michele Caggana, Vincent Bonagura, Heather Lehman, Mark Ballow, Arye Rubinstein, Subhadra Siegel, Leonard Weiner, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
Quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) for newborn screening for SCID has advanced the diagnosis of severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). However, it has led to the identification of infants with T cell lymphopenia without known cause. The clinical characteristics, appropriate laboratory monitoring, and outcomes of patients remain unclear. We performed a retrospective review of clinical and laboratory studies for 26 infants collected from 7 New York State referral centers from 2010 to 2016 with low TRECs (mean, 70copies/μl) and subnormal CD3 counts (mean, 1150/cubicmm). Over time absolute CD3 counts increased in 17 and decreased in 9; 22 (85%) have done well clinically regardless of absolute T cell values. Additional infants with TCL will continue to be identified in newborn screening panels. While most patients seem to do well clinically, parameters for diagnosis and monitoring have yet to be formalized, and additional information needs to be collected, causes and outcomes reported.



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Evidence for Dry Needling in the Management of Myofascial Trigger Points Associated with Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2017
Source:Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Author(s): Lin Liu, Qiang-Min Huang, Qing-Guang Liu, Nguyen Thitham, Li-Hui Li, Yan-Tao Ma, Jia-Min Zhao
ObjectiveTo evaluate the current evidence of the effectiveness of dry needling of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) associated with low back pain (LBP).Data SourcesPubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched until January 2017.Study SelectionRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used dry needling as the main treatment and included participants diagnosed with LBP with the presence of MTrPs were included.Data ExtractionTwo reviewers independently screened articles, scored methodological quality, and extracted data. The primary outcomes were pain intensity and functional disability at post-intervention and follow-up.Data SynthesisA total of 11 RCTs involving 802 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Results suggested that compared with other treatments, dry needling of MTrPs was more effective in alleviating the intensity of LBP (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] = −1.06, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: −1.77 to −0.36, P = 0.003) and functional disability (SMD = −0.76, 95% CI: −1.46 to −0.06, P = 0.03); however, the significant effects of dry needling plus other treatments on pain intensity could be superior to dry needling alone for LBP at post-intervention (SMD = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.11, P < 0.00001).ConclusionsModerate evidence showed that dry needling of MTrPs, especially if associated with other therapies, could be recommended to relieve the intensity of LBP at post-intervention; however, the clinical superiority of dry needling in improving functional disability and its follow-up effects still remain unclear.



http://ift.tt/2tTTpxY

Editorial Board

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology, Volume 181





http://ift.tt/2sYWAjt

Immune complexes containing malondialdehyde (MDA) LDL induce apoptosis in human macrophages

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Gabriel Virella, Kelsey Wilson, Johnathon Elkes, Samar M. Hammad, Hussein A. Rajab, Yanchun Li, Charlyne Chassereau, Yan Huang, Maria Lopes-Virella
Immune complexes (IC) containing predominantly malondialdehyde-LDL and the corresponding autoantibodies (MDA-LDL IC) predict acute cardiovascular events, while IC rich in oxidized LDL (oxLDL IC) predict cardiovascular disease progression. Our objective was to determine mechanisms that could explain these prognostic differences. We compared the effects of the interaction of oxLDL, MDA-LDL and the corresponding IC with human macrophages focusing on apoptosis, metalloproteinases, and proinflammatory cytokines. MDA-LDL IC induced higher degrees of apoptosis, higher levels of caspase-3 expression, and increased expression and release of MMP-1 and TNF compared to MDA-LDL, oxLDL, and oxLDL-IC. The pro-apoptotic effects of MDA-LDL IC were inhibited by blocking TNFR 1 or FcγRI. Blocking FcγRI abrogated the induction and expression of MMPs and proinflammatory cytokines by MDA-LDL IC. In conclusion, the interaction of MDA-LDL IC with FcγRI triggers macrophage apoptosis and increased expression and release of TNF and MMP-1, which can lead to the rupture of unstable plaques.



http://ift.tt/2tt9Ujz

Idiopathic T cell lymphopenia identified in New York State Newborn Screening

Publication date: Available online 8 July 2017
Source:Clinical Immunology
Author(s): Stephanie Albin-Leeds, Juliana Ochoa, Harshna Mehta, Beth H. Vogel, Michele Caggana, Vincent Bonagura, Heather Lehman, Mark Ballow, Arye Rubinstein, Subhadra Siegel, Leonard Weiner, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
Quantification of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) for newborn screening for SCID has advanced the diagnosis of severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). However, it has led to the identification of infants with T cell lymphopenia without known cause. The clinical characteristics, appropriate laboratory monitoring, and outcomes of patients remain unclear. We performed a retrospective review of clinical and laboratory studies for 26 infants collected from 7 New York State referral centers from 2010 to 2016 with low TRECs (mean, 70copies/μl) and subnormal CD3 counts (mean, 1150/cubicmm). Over time absolute CD3 counts increased in 17 and decreased in 9; 22 (85%) have done well clinically regardless of absolute T cell values. Additional infants with TCL will continue to be identified in newborn screening panels. While most patients seem to do well clinically, parameters for diagnosis and monitoring have yet to be formalized, and additional information needs to be collected, causes and outcomes reported.



http://ift.tt/2sZ80nf