Schluckbeschwerden bei einer Patientin mit postcricoidaler Raumforderung

Laryngo-Rhino-Otol
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121342

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Article in Thieme eJournals:
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Cochlear implant symmetry via template

Current trends in bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) favor a minimally invasive subperiosteal pocket technique. Symmetric receiver-stimulator (R/S) placement is an important goal for bilateral CI, especially with regard to patient satisfaction. In this article, we describe a method easily adopted to achieve optimal symmetry. Upon reviewing the Senior Author's 11 bilateral CI cases using the direct subperiosteal pocket technique with the proposed "mirror template," we found improved symmetry, which translated into high patient and family satisfaction regarding the aesthetics of the symmetric R/S placement.

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Total serum bilirubin levels and sensorineural hearing loss in the US adolescents: NHANES 2007–2010

We aimed to investigate whether current levels of total serum bilirubin are associated with different subtypes of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in adolescents.

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Conceptual Scoring and Classification Accuracy of Vocabulary Testing in Bilingual Children

Purpose

This study examined the effects of single-language and conceptual scoring on the vocabulary performance of bilingual children with and without specific language impairment. We assessed classification accuracy across 3 scoring methods.

Method

Participants included Spanish–English bilingual children (N = 247) aged 5;1 (years;months) to 11;1 with and without specific language impairment. Children completed the English and bilingual versions of the Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test–Third Edition (Brownell, 2000a, 2001). Six scores, 2 representing monolingual scores in English and Spanish and 4 conceptual scores, were derived. The conceptual scores included within-test conceptual scores, which credited language responses in the other language during test administration, and across-test conceptual scores, which we compiled by examining responses across independent administrations of the test in each language.

Results

Across-test conceptual scoring resulted in the highest scores and better overall classification, sensitivity, and specificity than within-test conceptual scoring. Both were superior to monolingual scoring; however, none of the methods achieved minimum standards of 80% accuracy in sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions

Results suggest that bilingual children are not always able to readily access their other language in confrontation naming tasks. Priming or inhibition may play a role in test performance. Across-test conceptual scoring yielded the highest classification accuracy but did not meet minimum standards.

http://article/doi/10.1044/2017_LSHSS-16-0081/2665925/Conceptual-Scoring-and-Classification-Accuracy-of

Percent Grammatical Responses as a General Outcome Measure: Initial Validity

Purpose

This report investigated the validity of using percent grammatical responses (PGR) as a measure for assessing grammaticality. To establish construct validity, we computed the correlation of PGR with another measure of grammar skills and with an unrelated skill area. To establish concurrent validity for PGR, we computed the correlation of PGR with a previously validated measure of grammaticality, percent grammatical utterances (PGU), and examined the extent to which PGR and PGU agreed upon pass/fail decisions for children.

Method

Participants included 79 3-year-olds from mostly middle socioeconomic status homes. Language samples were elicited by asking children to describe 15 pictures in response to 4 questions per picture. To calculate PGU, children's responses to all 4 questions were segmented into communication units, and each communication unit was evaluated for grammatical errors. To calculate PGR, the entire response to just the first question was evaluated for grammatical errors.

Results

PGR scores significantly correlated with a standardized test of grammar (r = .70), but not with a measure of vocabulary (i.e., type–token ratio; r = .11). In addition, PGR scores were significantly correlated with PGU scores (r = .88). Agreement between PGR and PGU was 92% for pass decisions and 94% for fail decisions.

Conclusions

The current study establishes the construct validity of PGR as a measure of grammar and supports the use of PGR as a measure to assess grammaticality.

http://article/doi/10.1044/2017_LSHSS-16-0070/2665928/Percent-Grammatical-Responses-as-a-General-Outcome

Efficacy of Ferric Carboxymaltose (FCM) 500 mg Dose for the Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome

There have been four randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded studies of intravenous (IV) iron in Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), all of which delivered a final total dose of 1000 mg of iron. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of a lesser total dose (500 mg of iron).

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The Optiflow™ interface for chronic CPAP use in children

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is being increasingly used in children of all age ranges. The limited number of commercially available masks especially in infants and young children may complicate its use and compliance. In this report, we describe our experience with the use of the Optiflow™ (Fisher and Paykel Healthcare) Nasal Cannula attached to a regular CPAP device in the setting of chronic CPAP use. This interface consists of a nasal cannula and was originally designed for the delivery of high-flow oxygen therapy.

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