The potential use of scaffold-mediated local delivery of bone modulators in accelerated orthodontics: A hypotheses

Publication date: Available online 4 July 2018
Source:Medical Hypotheses
Author(s): Amit Jaisinghani, Archana A. Gupta, A. Thirumal Raj




https://ift.tt/2MQ54UB

Reconceptualizing delirium as a disorder of complex system failure

Publication date: September 2018
Source:Medical Hypotheses, Volume 118
Author(s): E. Eeles, A. Teodorczuk, E. Mitleton-Kelly
Delirium is conceptually elusive and falls outside of conventional biomedical models. Positivist theoretical paradigms of single linear causality are therefore insufficient to provide mechanistic enlightenment. Delirium does, however, share parallels with features of failure within a complex system. Lessons from complex system theory provide important potential healthcare dividends with respect to delirium. The brain is complex and exhibits emergence, a feature of consciousness, which is crucially impacted in delirium. Volatility, non-linear relationships and multiple point failures are cardinal features of complex system failure, thence delirium. An alternative emphasis away from end of chain analysis and oversimplification of cause and an attempt to avoid introduction of new forms of failure in a responsive healthcare environment are lessons from complex system theory. Insights from complex systems provide potentially important mechanistic underpinnings and new lines of research enquiry for delirium. Not least, a fuller understanding of delirium from a complex system viewpoint may help transform management and outcomes in one of the biggest challenges of acute healthcare.



https://ift.tt/2KMzUQq

Total intravenous versus inhaled anesthesia in transsphenoidal tumor surgery

Visualization of the surgical field is essential for patient safety during endoscopic transsphenoidal tumor surgery. In this retrospective chart review and data analysis of patients undergoing endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary tumors under general anesthesia we sought to determine if total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil leads to decreased bleeding, surgical duration, time to extubation and/or length of stay in the recovery room compared to inhaled anesthesia with sevoflurane or desflurane.

https://ift.tt/2lSGB5p

A new decentralized biological treatment process based on activated carbon targeting organic micropollutant removal from hospital wastewaters

Abstract

Although hospital wastewaters (HWWs) are usually discharged in urban sewage systems, their separate treatment has several benefits, such as the specific treatment of potential toxics as well as avoidance of further dilutions. In this work, an integrated industrial pilot plant (2200 L) corresponding to the technology SeMPAC^® is proposed and validated for such purpose. The process consists of a sequential batch reactor (SBR) connected to an external submerged microfiltration membrane, in which powdered activated carbon (PAC) is directly added into the biological reactor to enhance the removal of the organic micropollutants (OMPs). The combination of different redox conditions in the SBR, as well as the operation at long sludge retention times (SRTs) and high biomass concentrations favored OMP biotransformation in the SBR, being their final removal efficiencies enhanced clearly after PAC addition, especially for the recalcitrant compounds. A periodical renewal of the adsorbent is necessary to overcome its gradual saturation. The main operational conditions were influenced by (i) the recalcitrant OMP carbamazepine, which defines the PAC dosage; (ii) the easily degradable OMP ibuprofen, which can be used to optimize the duration of the aerobic cycle; and (iii) the denitrification efficiency, which defines the correct time length of the anoxic period.

https://ift.tt/2NpQR1y

Very early introduction of semisolid foods in preterm infants does not increase food allergies or atopic dermatitis

The optimal age for the introduction of solid foods for infants has long been a controversial issue.

https://ift.tt/2NqbhaU

Seasonal and Regional Variation of Asthma-related Hospitalizations and Mortality among adults in the United States

Asthma morbidity and mortality is known to exhibit seasonal trends and periodicity. Prior studies done in the US and other countries have suggested seasonal variations in asthma hospitalization but report conflicting results. While most studies note a peak in winter,1–3 various trends have been noted in different age categories and regions.1–5

https://ift.tt/2z6LUro

Trends in the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis in a tertiary care pediatric emergency department

Underdiagnosis of anaphylaxis is a major concern in the pediatric emergency department (PED), leading to failure to administer and prescribe intramuscular epinephrine treatment.

https://ift.tt/2Nqbefe