Volatile Organic Compounds in Plasma for the Diagnosis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Volatile Organic Compounds in Plasma for the Diagnosis of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: A Pilot Study: A non-invasive screening test that can detect esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) at an earlier stage could improve the prognosis associated with EAC. The role of plasma volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for diagnosis of EAC has not been previously studied.

Abstract

Background & Aims

A non-invasive screening test that can detect esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) at an earlier stage could improve the prognosis associated with EAC. The role of plasma volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for diagnosis of EAC has not been previously studied.

Methods

Plasma samples were collected from subjects with EAC and gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) before endoscopy. 22 pre-selected VOCs were analyzed with a selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry.

Results

The headspaces from 39 plasma samples (20 EAC, 19 GERD) were analyzed. Levels of 9 VOCs (acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, carbon disulfide, isoprene, 1-heptene, 3-methylhexane, (E)-2-nonene, hydrogen sulfide and triethylamine) were significantly altered in EAC patients compared with GERD patients. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to build a model for prediction of EAC. The model identified patients with EAC with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.67, 0.98).

Conclusion

Plasma VOCs maybe useful in diagnosing EAC. Larger studies are needed to confirm our pilot study observations.

Keywords:

biomarker, esophageal cancer, gastroesophageal reflux disease

Abbreviations:

Analysis of variance (ANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), area under the ROC curve (AUROC),esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), Barrett's esophagus (BE), computed tomography (CT), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

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