Migraine is related to an increased risk of Parkinsons disease: A population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study

Background

The association between migraine and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. The purpose of the present population-based, propensity score-matched follow-up study was to investigate whether migraineurs are at a higher risk of developing PD.

Methods

A total of 41,019 subjects aged between 40 and 90 years with at least two ambulatory visits with a diagnosis of migraine in 2001 were enrolled in the migraine group. A logistic regression model that included age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities and socioeconomic status as covariates was used to compute the propensity score. The non-migraine group consisted of 41,019 propensity score-matched, randomly sampled subjects without migraine. The PD-free survival rate were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the effect of migraine on the risk of developing PD.

Results

During follow-up, 148 subjects in the migraine group and 101 in the non-migraine group developed PD. Compared to the non-migraine group, the hazard ratio of PD for the migraine group was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.25–2.14, p = 0.0004). The PD-free survival rate for the migraine group was significantly lower than that for the non-migraine group (p = 0.0041).

Conclusions

This study showed an increased risk of developing PD in patients with migraine.

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