Gastric Bypass Surgery Recruits a Gut PPAR-α-Striatal D1R Pathway to Reduce Fat Appetite in Obese Rats

Publication date: Available online 5 January 2017
Source:Cell Metabolism
Author(s): Mohammed K. Hankir, Florian Seyfried, Constantin A. Hintschich, Thi-Ai Diep, Karen Kleberg, Mathias Kranz, Winnie Deuther-Conrad, Luis A. Tellez, Michael Rullmann, Marianne Patt, Jens Teichert, Swen Hesse, Osama Sabri, Peter Brust, Harald S. Hansen, Ivan E. de Araujo, Ute Krügel, Wiebke K. Fenske
Bariatric surgery remains the single most effective long-term treatment modality for morbid obesity, achieved mainly by lowering caloric intake through as yet ill-defined mechanisms. Here we show in rats that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)-like rerouting of ingested fat mobilizes lower small intestine production of the fat-satiety molecule oleoylethanolamide (OEA). This was associated with vagus nerve-driven increases in dorsal striatal dopamine release. We also demonstrate that RYGB upregulates striatal dopamine 1 receptor (D1R) expression specifically under high-fat diet feeding conditions. Mechanistically, interfering with local OEA, vagal, and dorsal striatal D1R signaling negated the beneficial effects of RYGB on fat intake and preferences. These findings delineate a molecular/systems pathway through which bariatric surgery improves feeding behavior and may aid in the development of novel weight loss strategies that similarly modify brain reward circuits compromised in obesity.

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Teaser

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery causes marked reductions in fat appetite. Hankir et al. show in a rat model of RYGB that this is due to enhanced gut-lipid sensing through PPARα, which in turn is transmitted to the CNS by sensory vagal afferents, culminating in increased dorsal striatal D1R signaling.


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