Oxysterols and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal contribute to atherosclerotic plaque destabilization

Publication date: Available online 3 January 2017
Source:Free Radical Biology and Medicine
Author(s): Simona Gargiulo, Gabriella Testa, Paola Gamba, Erica Staurenghi, Giuseppe Poli, Gabriella Leonarduzzi
A growing bulk of evidence suggests that cholesterol oxidation products, known as oxysterols, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), the major proatherogenic components of oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDLs), significantly contribute to atherosclerotic plaque progression and destabilization, with eventual plaque rupture. These oxidized lipids are involved in various key steps of this complex process, mainly thanks to their ability to induce inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the effects induced by these compounds on vascular cells, after their accumulation in the arterial wall and in the atherosclerotic plaque.



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