Salvage stereotactic radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme with prior radiation therapy

Douglas E Holt, Mark E Bernard, Kimmen Quan, David A Clump, Johnathan A Engh, Steven A Burton, Dwight E Heron

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2016 12(4):1243-1248

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) carries a poor prognosis with high recurrence rates. Salvage stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) may be an effective treatment option. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 34 patients (41 lesions) treated with salvage SRS for recurrent GBM between 2004 and 2012. Initial surgical treatments were gross total resection (58%), subtotal resection (STR) (24%), and biopsy (18%). All patients were treated with prior radiation therapy. Recurrent disease was treated with salvage SRS with a median dose and fractions of 23.4 Gy (range, 12–30) and 3 (range, 1–3), respectively. Cox proportional hazards regression was conducted to establish predictive factors (P ≤ 0.05) Results: Median follow-up from salvage SRS was 10.8 months (interquartile range [IQR], 7.0–15.6). The median time from initial radiation therapy to salvage SRS was 13.7 months (IQR, 2.9–25.0). The 6- and 12-month overall survival from salvage SRS were 84.9% and 42.5%, respectively. On univariate analysis, STR was associated with inferior survival from salvage SRS (P ≤ 0.05). The 6- and 12-month local control (LC) estimates were 63.1% and 16.4%, respectively. On univariate analysis, higher biological effective dose and prior temozolomide were associated with superior LC. Concerning toxicity, there were 4 (12%) grade 2 and 1 (3%) grade 3 adverse events within this patient series. No grade 4 or grade 5 toxicities were observed. Conclusion: Our outcomes suggest that SRS is a feasible treatment option with acceptable salvage survival rates, given the poor prognosis of this disease.

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