Interleukin 4 –590C/T (rs2243250) Polymorphism Is Associated With Increased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis: Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

Background: Interleukin 4 (IL-4) −590C/T polymorphism has been reported to influence atopic dermatitis (AD) susceptibility, but the results are controversial. Objective: This meta-analysis was performed to study the association between IL-4 −590C/T polymorphism and AD susceptibility. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed to estimate the strength of the association. Results: Ten studies comprising 923 cases and 1215 controls were included. The overall population revealed significant associations between IL-4 −590C/T polymorphism and AD susceptibility under the allele (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03–1.38; I2 = 0.0%), recessive (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.002–1.61; I2 = 0.0%), and dominant (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.003–1.76; I2 = 0.0%) models; similar results were found under the allele (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.01–1.39; I2 = 0.0%) and recessive (OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.001–1.62; I2 = 0.0%) models after excluding not-in–Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium studies. However, subgroup analyses by ethnicity showed no significant association in Asians or whites. Subgroup analyses by age indicated a significant association in children under the allele (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.06–1.60; I2 = 0.0%) and dominant (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.02–1.97; I2 = 0.0%) models, children in articles with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium under the allele model (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.05–1.69; I2 = 0.0%), and Asian children under the allele model (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.02–1.95; I2 = 0.0%) but not in white children. Conclusions: The IL-4 −590C/T polymorphism may contribute to AD susceptibility in the overall population and children, especially for Asian children, but large well-designed studies are warranted to confirm this conclusion.

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