Publication date: Available online 26 May 2017
Source:Revue des Maladies Respiratoires
Author(s): C. Godet, F. Couturaud, S. Ragot, F. Laurent, A.L. Brun, A. Bergeron, J. Cadranel
État des connaissancesL'aspergillose bronchopulmonaire allergique (ABPA) touche 3 à 13 % des patients atteints d'asthme. Son histoire naturelle comporte des exacerbations, pouvant menacer le pronostic vital et une évolution vers des troubles ventilatoires obstructifs fixés, voire des lésions de fibrose pulmonaire irréversibles. Le pronostic de l'ABPA est directement associé au contrôle des exacerbations et l'objectif principal du traitement est de diminuer la fréquence et la durée des exacerbations. Les recommandations sont peu précises concernant les posologies et les durées de traitement. Le traitement d'attaque actuellement utilisé associant itraconazole et corticothérapie comporte de nombreuses limites. L'intérêt de la nébulisation de l'amphotéricine B liposomale (LAmB) est d'obtenir des concentrations in situ élevées, de s'affranchir des interactions médicamenteuses et de diminuer les toxicités potentielles des antifongiques systémiques. Enfin, cette stratégie permet de limiter l'émergence de souches résistantes aux azolés.MéthodesIl s'agit d'un essai thérapeutique, de phase II, prospectif, multicentrique, contrôlé, randomisé, en simple insu qui a pour but d'évaluer le bénéfice potentiel sur le contrôle des exacerbations d'un traitement d'entretien par nébulisation de LAmB. L'objectif principal est de comparer l'incidence des exacerbations cliniques sévères dans la prise en charge des ABPA, entre une stratégie avec un traitement d'entretien par LAmB nébulisé et une stratégie conventionnelle sans traitement antifongique d'entretien.Résultats attendusLes résultats permettront de guider les praticiens dans la conduite des traitements de l'ABPA en définissant mieux la place des aérosols de LAmB sur des critères d'« evidence base medicine ».BackgroundAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) affects 3–13% of patients with asthma. Its natural history includes possibly life-threatening exacerbations and evolution towards fixed obstructive ventilatory disorders or even irreversible lung fibrosis lesions. ABPA prognosis is directly associated with exacerbation control and the main objective of the treatment is to decrease their frequency and duration. Recommendations regarding dosage and duration of treatment are not very precise. The currently used combination of itraconazole and corticosteroid therapy has many limitations. The interests of a therapeutic strategy using nebulized liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) are to heighten antifungal lung tissue concentration, to circumvent drug interactions and decrease the potential toxicity of systemic antifungal treatments. Finally, this association leads to improved eradication of Aspergillus, thereby limiting the risk of side effects and the emergence of treatment-resistant Aspergillus strains.MethodsThis is a phase II, multicentre, randomized, single blind, controlled therapeutic study, with the objective of comparing the potential benefit on exacerbation control of a maintenance therapy by LAmB nebulization. The main objective of the study is to compare the incidence of severe clinical exacerbations in ABPA treatment, between a maintenance treatment strategy with nebulized LAmB and a conventional strategy without antifungal maintenance therapy.Expected resultsThe results will guide practitioners in the management of ABPA treatments and help to define the place of aerosols of LAmB on "evidence base medicine" criteria.
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Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
Κρήτη 72100
00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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Aspergillose bronchopulmonaire allergique : évaluation d’un traitement d’entretien par Ambisome® nébulisé
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