Germline CDKN2A/P16INK4A mutations contribute to genetic determinism of sarcoma.

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Germline CDKN2A/P16INK4A mutations contribute to genetic determinism of sarcoma.

J Med Genet. 2017 Jun 07;:

Authors: Jouenne F, Chauvot de Beauchene I, Bollaert E, Avril MF, Caron O, Ingster O, Lecesne A, Benusiglio P, Terrier P, Caumette V, Pissaloux D, de la Fouchardière A, Cabaret O, N'Diaye B, Velghe A, Bougeard G, Mann GJ, Koscielny S, Barrett JH, Harland M, Newton-Bishop J, Gruis N, Van Doorn R, Gauthier-Villars M, Pierron G, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Coupier I, Guimbaud R, Delnatte C, Scoazec JY, Eggermont AM, Feunteun J, Tchertanov L, Demoulin JB, Frebourg T, Bressac-de Paillerets B

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal malignancies whose pathogenesis is poorly understood; both environmental and genetic risk factors could contribute to their aetiology.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a familial aggregation of three individuals affected with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) without TP53 mutation (Li-Fraumeni-like, LFL) and found a shared pathogenic mutation in CDKN2A tumour suppressor gene. We searched for individuals with sarcoma among 474 melanoma-prone families with a CDKN2A-/+ genotype and for CDKN2A mutations in 190 TP53-negative LFL families where the index case was a sarcoma. Including the initial family, eight independent sarcoma cases carried a germline mutation in the CDKN2A/p16(INK4A) gene. In five out of seven formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sarcomas, heterozygosity was lost at germline CDKN2A mutations sites demonstrating complete loss of function. As sarcomas are rare in CDKN2A/p16(INK4A) carriers, we searched in constitutional WES of nine carriers for potential modifying rare variants and identified three in platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRA) gene. Molecular modelling showed that two never-described variants could impact the PDGFRA extracellular domain structure.
CONCLUSION: Germline mutations in CDKN2A/P16(INK4A), a gene known to predispose to hereditary melanoma, pancreatic cancer and tobacco-related cancers, account also for a subset of hereditary sarcoma. In addition, we identified PDGFRA as a candidate modifier gene.

PMID: 28592523 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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