Publication date: Available online 8 November 2017
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): A.R. Schmidt-Guerre, B. Aranda-Hulin, M. Maumy-Bertrand, F. Aubin
IntroductionLa gale connaît depuis quelques années une recrudescence et il existe peu d'études évaluant les pratiques médicales en termes de diagnostic et de traitement.ObjectifNous avons souhaité enquêter sur les pratiques de prise en charge de la gale commune par les médecins généralistes (MG).Matériel et méthodesUn questionnaire anonyme comportant 13 questions sur les cas de gale commune vus en consultation entre janvier et juin 2015 a été adressé par voie postale aux 524 MG du département du Doubs.RésultatsLe taux de réponses était de 57 % (n=299). Parmi les répondants, 89 % déclaraient avoir diagnostiqué au moins un cas de gale commune au cours des six mois précédents, et 59 % plus de trois cas. Le principal argument clinique du diagnostic était la localisation du prurit. Dans 94 % des cas, aucun examen complémentaire n'était demandé. Lorsqu'il en était prescrit un, il s'agissait exclusivement d'un prélèvement parasitologique. Un avis dermatologique était demandé systématiquement par 3 % des MG, seulement en cas de doute diagnostique par 78 % et jamais par 19 %, alors que 66 % des MG se trouvaient à moins de dix kilomètres du cabinet d'un dermatologue. L'ivermectine (IVM) était prescrite seule par 38 % des MG, en une seule prise (22 %) ou deux prises (16 %), et le traitement topique seul par 2 %. Seuls 26 % des MG prescrivaient l'association d'IVM et de scabicide topique, en une seule fois (19 %) ou en deux cures (7 %). Le premier cercle du patient était traité par 77 % des MG, mais 9 % ne traitaient pas l'entourage. Des conseils pour décontaminer l'environnement étaient donnés par 100 % des MG. Une récidive de gale était constatée par 25 % des MG malgré un traitement systématique du premier cercle réalisé dans 93 % des cas.DiscussionCes résultats confirment la fréquence de la gale commune en médecine générale et l'intérêt des MG pour cette enquête sur leurs pratiques. Ils montrent aussi l'hétérogénéité des prises en charge de la gale par les MG, malgré les recommandations émises en 2012 par le Haut conseil de santé publique.ConclusionNotre travail démontre l'importance du rôle du MG dans la gestion de première ligne de la gale. Une meilleure diffusion des recommandations disponibles semble nécessaire pour optimiser cette prise en charge.BackgroundAlthough there is evidence suggesting an epidemiologic increase of scabies in France, few studies have assessed medical practice in terms of diagnosis and treatment.ObjectivesTo describe the management of scabies by general practitioners (GPs).Patients and MethodsA questionnaire was addressed to the 524 GPs of the Doubs department in France regarding the management of cases of scabies diagnosed between January and June 2015.ResultsThe response rate was 57 % (n=299). At least one case of scabies was observed by 89 % of GPs in the previous six months and more than three cases were diagnosed by 59 % of GPs. The main clinical criterion for diagnosis was the specific localization of pruritus (82 %). No diagnostic test was used by 94 % of GPs other than except direct parasitological examination, which was used by 6 %. A systematic examination by a dermatologist was prescribed by 3 % of GPs, by 78 % of them in the case of diagnostic doubt, and not at all by 19 %, even though 66 % of GPs' offices were located under 10 kilometers from a dermatologist's office. Ivermectin (IVM) alone was prescribed by 38 % of GPs, either as a single dose (22 %) or as two repeated doses (16 %). Topical treatment alone was prescribed by 2 % of GPs and the association of IVM and topical treatment was used by 26 %, either as a single dose (19 %) or as two repeated doses (7 %). All household members and any sexual contacts were systematically treated by 77 % of GPs, but 9 % did not prescribe any treatment. Decontamination advice was given by 100 % of GPs. Recurrence of scabies was observed by 25 % of GPs despite systematic treatment (93 %) of patients' close contacts.DiscussionOur study confirms the frequency of scabies in general medicine and the interest of GPs in this evaluation of practice. Our data also demonstrate the heterogeneity of management by GPs and the limitations of/poor compliance with national recommendations on scabies proposed by the Haut conseil de santé publique (Public Health Council) in 2012.ConclusionOur study emphasizes the critical role of GPs in the management of scabies and the need for specific recommendations concerning their practices.
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Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
Κρήτη 72100
00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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