Publication date: January 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 173
Author(s): Allison M. Ring, Timothy P. Canty, Daniel C. Anderson, Timothy P. Vinciguerra, Hao He, Daniel L. Goldberg, Sheryl H. Ehrman, Russell R. Dickerson, Ross J. Salawitch
We investigate the representation of emissions from the largest (Class 3) commercial marine vessels (c3 Marine) within the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. In present emissions inventories developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), c3 Marine emissions are divided into off-shore and near-shore files. Off-shore c3 Marine emissions are vertically distributed within the atmospheric column, reflecting stack-height and plume rise. Near-shore c3 Marine emissions, located close to the US shoreline, are erroneously assumed to occur only at the surface. We adjust the near-shore c3 Marine emissions inventory by vertically distributing these emissions to be consistent with the off-shore c3 Marine inventory. Additionally, we remove near-shore c3 Marine emissions that overlap with off-shore c3 Marine emissions within the EPA files.The CMAQ model generally overestimates surface ozone (O3) compared to Air Quality System (AQS) site observations, with the largest discrepancies occurring near coastal waterways. We compare modeled O3 from two CMAQ simulations for June, July, and August (JJA) 2011 to surface O3 observations from AQS sites to examine the efficacy of the c3 Marine emissions improvements. Model results at AQS sites show average maximum 8-hr surface O3 decreases up to ∼6.5 ppb along the Chesapeake Bay, and increases ∼3–4 ppb around Long Island Sound, when the adjusted c3 Marine emissions are used.Along with the c3 Marine emissions adjustments, we reduce on-road mobile NOX emissions by 50%, motivated by work from Anderson et al. 2014, and reduce the lifetime of the alkyl nitrate species group from ∼10 days to ∼1 day based on work by Canty et al. 2015, to develop the "c3 Science" model scenario. Simulations with these adjustments further improve model representation of the atmosphere. We calculate the ratio of column formaldehyde (HCHO) and tropospheric column nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument and CMAQ model output to investigate the photochemical O3 production regime (VOC or NOX-limited) of the observed and modeled atmosphere. Compared to the baseline, the c3 Science model scenario more closely simulates the HCHO/NO2 ratio calculated from OMI data.Model simulations for JJA 2018 using the c3 Science scenario show a reduction of surface O3 by as much as ∼13 ppb for areas around the Chesapeake Bay and ∼2–3 ppb at locations in NY and CT downwind of New York City. These reductions are larger in 2018 than in 2011 due to a change in the photochemical O3 production regime in the Long Island Sound region and the projected decline of other (non-c3 Marine) sources of O3 precursors, highlighting the importance of proper representation of c3 Marine emissions in future modeling scenarios.
http://ift.tt/2ySpmKI
Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
Κρήτη 72100
00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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Σάββατο 11 Νοεμβρίου 2017
Evaluating commercial marine emissions and their role in air quality policy using observations and the CMAQ model
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- In vivo assessment of polydatin, a natural polyphe...
- Heavy metal distribution in Tiaoxi River’s sediment
- Impact of on-site sanitation systems on groundwate...
- Distinctive accumulation patterns of heavy metals ...
- Ethical and legal aspects in the care of singers a...
- Health‐related quality of life and disability in p...
- The potential role of amlodipine on experimentally...
- Tracheostomy in children: a ten‐year experience fr...
- Association between desloratadine and prednisolone...
- Are people who have a better smell sense, more aff...
- Significant association between osteoporosis and h...
- Carotid blowout syndrome in patients treated by la...
- Subjective visual vertical after treatment of beni...
- Free Field Word recognition test in the presence o...
- Identification of key genes involved in nasopharyn...
- Nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis: follow‐up of c...
- Arteriovenous malformation of the external ear: a ...
- Effects of exposure to 2100MHz GSM‐like radiofrequ...
- Translation and cultural adaptation of the Shame a...
- Polymorphisms in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal...
- Facial thread lifting with suture suspension
- The facial palsy as first symptom of the temporal ...
- A case of bilateral congenital middle ear choleste...
- Bilateral parotid glands infection caused by Calme...
- Ethical and legal aspects in the care of singers a...
- Health‐related quality of life and disability in p...
- The potential role of amlodipine on experimentally...
- Tracheostomy in children: a ten‐year experience fr...
- Association between desloratadine and prednisolone...
- Are people who have a better smell sense, more aff...
- Significant association between osteoporosis and h...
- Carotid blowout syndrome in patients treated by la...
- Subjective visual vertical after treatment of beni...
- Free Field Word recognition test in the presence o...
- Identification of key genes involved in nasopharyn...
- Nasal polyposis in cystic fibrosis: follow‐up of c...
- Arteriovenous malformation of the external ear: a ...
- Effects of exposure to 2100MHz GSM‐like radiofrequ...
- Translation and cultural adaptation of the Shame a...
- Polymorphisms in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal...
- Facial thread lifting with suture suspension
- The facial palsy as first symptom of the temporal ...
- A case of bilateral congenital middle ear choleste...
- Bilateral parotid glands infection caused by Calme...
- Lying in wait: Limiting factors on a low-density u...
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulates MAPK/ERK signa...
- Extending the Structural View of Class B GPCRs
- Feel the Way With a Vibrotactile Compass: Does a N...
- Chest compression-related fatal internal mammary a...
- Nucleic acid aptamer-based methods for diagnosis o...
- A facile way to fabricate manganese phosphate self...
- Ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor for qu...
- Chest compression-related fatal internal mammary a...
- A Novel Series of Enoyl Reductase Inhibitors Targe...
- Requirements of a new allergen regulation
- Editorial Board
- Microscopy in addition to chemical analyses and ec...
- Nuevas perspectivas para la cirugía radioguiada
- Cytoprotective effects of glycyrrhetinic acid lipo...
- Malathion-induced spermatozoal oxidative damage an...
- Determining the impact of intraoperative smoke eva...
- Pityrosporum Folliculitis: A Retrospective Review ...
- The diagnostic value and histologic correlate of d...
- Topical Calcipotriol Prior to Ablative Fractional ...
- Bone autografts & allografts placed simultaneously...
- Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome and adrenal insuffic...
- Pattern of relapse and dose received by the recurr...
- Comparison of lung tumor motion measured using a m...
- Three-Dimensional Printer-Aided Casting of Soft, C...
- A Format for Reviewing a Research Paper
- A proteometabolomic study of Actinidia deliciosa f...
- Proteomic approaches to uncover the flooding and d...
- Application of ESI-HRMS for molybdenum speciation ...
- Cancer chemoprevention revisited: Cytochrome P450 ...
- Advances in sarcoma gene mutations and therapeutic...
- 20. Not only the absence but also amplitude reduct...
- Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation...
- 12. New Telemedicine protocol and patented remote-...
- Contents
- 8. Neurophysiological comparison among tonic, high...
- Ultrasound in polyneuropathies – Is size or struct...
- 16. Safety and effects on motor cortex of closely ...
- First virtual special issue (VSI) in Clinical Neur...
- 2. Pain catastrophizing and features of cortical r...
- 6. Trigeminal neuralgia typical and atypical. A di...
- 10. Neurophysiological prognosis in comatose patie...
- 14. Cerebellar direct current stimulation modulate...
- 18. Intraoperative monitoring in calcified giant t...
- 22. New frontiers in neurophysiological instrument...
- 1. Laser evoked potential in clinical practice: Th...
- 3. Immunofluorescence characterization of skin ner...
- A look inside the nerve – Morphology of nerve fasc...
- 5. Vocal cord paralysis in children: A new neuroph...
- Influence of lighting color temperature on effort-...
- Thyroid evaluation of children and adolescents wit...
- Relation between circulating oxidized-LDL and meta...
- Marine-Lenhart syndrome in two adolescents, includ...
- High aldosterone and cortisol levels in salt wasti...
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