Publication date: Available online 2 November 2017
Source:Médecine & Droit
Author(s): Augustin Boulanger
Les directives anticipées sont un moyen efficace, pour les personnes majeures, d'exprimer par anticipation, pour le jour où elles ne pourront plus s'exprimer, leurs volontés concernant la poursuite, la limitation, l'arrêt ou le refus de traitement. Conformément aux dispositions de la loi Claeys–Leonetti, les médecins doivent désormais respecter les volontés qui y sont exprimées. En outre, cette loi a supprimé la durée de validité des directives anticipées qui était précédemment fixée à trois ans. Dans ces conditions, l'on peut penser que les personnes ont ainsi l'opportunité de satisfaire leur désir de maîtrise de leur fin de vie. Cependant, les directives anticipées présentent nombre de fragilités. L'on peut, par exemple, souligner leur manque de fiabilité, mais encore la possibilité pour les médecins, dans certains cas, de refuser de les appliquer. Partant, la rédaction de directives anticipées ne paraît pas de nature à permettre la satisfaction du désir de maîtrise de sa fin de vie.Advance directives are an effective mean of transmitting adult's wishes regarding the continuation, limitation, discontinuation or refusal of treatment. According to the terms of the Claeys–Leonetti law, doctors have to follow the express wishes contained in advance care directives. Moreover, this law removed any specific duration of validity for living wills. Thus, we could assume that people have a way to master their end of life. However, the advance directives have weaknesses. For instance, there is a lack of reliability and, in some cases, doctors can refuse to apply this document. To put it in a nutshell, the fact that people want to master their end of life in writing living wills appears to be a delusion.
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