Effect of inhaled allergens and air pollutants on childhood rhinitis development

Rhinitis is a common pediatric disease that involves upper airway infection, in which allergic rhinitis affects 9.7% children in the United States.1 Some rhinitis symptoms are related to allergen exposures. Epidemiologic and experimental studies have documented that exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) increases the risk of allergen sensitization and allergic diseases,2–4 which suggests that allergens and TRAPs may have synergistic effects on the development of rhinitis. TRAPs include primary emissions from motor vehicles, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter.

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