On-road assessment of light duty vehicles in Delhi city: Emission factors of CO, CO2 and NOX

Publication date: February 2018
Source:Atmospheric Environment, Volume 174
Author(s): Jaiprakash, Gazala Habib
This study presents the technology based emission factors of gaseous pollutants (CO, CO2, and NOX) measured during on-road operation of nine passenger cars of diesel, gasoline, and compressed natural gas (CNG). The emissions from two 3-wheelers, and three 2-wheelers were measured by putting the vehicles on jacks and operating them according to Modified Indian Driving Cycle (MIDC) at no load condition. The emission factors observed in the present work were significantly higher than values reported from dynamometer study by Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI). Low CO (0.34 ± 0.08 g km⁻¹) and high NOX (1.0 ± 0.4 g km⁻¹) emission factors were observed for diesel passenger cars, oppositely high CO (2.2 ± 2.6 g km⁻¹) and low NOX (1.0 ± 1.6 g km⁻¹) emission factors were seen for gasoline powered cars. The after-treatment technology in diesel vehicles was effective in CO reduction. While the use of turbocharger in diesel vehicles to generate high combustion temperature and pressure produces more NOx, probably which may not be effectively controlled by after-treatment device. The after-treatment devices in gasoline powered Post-2010, Post-2005 vehicles can be acclaimed for reduced CO emissions compared to Post-2000 vehicles. This work presents a limited data set of emission factors from on-road operations of light duty vehicles, this limitation can be improved by further measurements of emissions from similar vehicles.

Graphical abstract

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