Publication date: Available online 15 March 2018
Source:Annales de Dermatologie et de Vénéréologie
Author(s): P. Bouschon, A.-C. Bursztejn, J. Waton, F. Brault, J.-L. Schmutz
IntroductionLes décolorations capillaires sont des procédures de plus en plus souvent réalisées dans les salons de coiffure. Les produits utilisés sont du peroxyde d'hydrogène et des persulfates, agents chimiques actifs mélangés en milieu basique. Rarement publiée, la brûlure secondaire à la procédure de décoloration capillaire est un effet indésirable traumatisant qui reste peu connu des professionnels de santé.ObservationNous rapportons le cas d'une jeune fille de 15 ans qui présentait une plaque d'alopécie cicatricielle séquellaire du vertex. Cette lésion résultait d'une brûlure profonde faisant suite à une procédure de décoloration capillaire qu'elle avait fait réaliser chez son coiffeur habituel. La cicatrisation avait duré environ quatre mois, occasionnant un mal-être chez la patiente.DiscussionIl s'agit d'un cas rare d'alopécie cicatricielle consécutive à une brûlure chimique basique du cuir chevelu. La réaction d'oxydation induite par le mélange de peroxyde d'hydrogène et de persulfates, préparé en milieu basique, provoque la décoloration des pigments mélaniques des cheveux. La présentation clinique à type d'ulcération unique, bien limitée, suintante, douloureuse, située au niveau du vertex, est similaire aux autres observations publiées dans la littérature. Le mécanisme de brûlure chimique est le plus souvent retenu. Cependant, la procédure étant toujours couplée à l'utilisation d'une source de chaleur, une brûlure thermique peut être associée. L'apparition retardée de la lésion serait due au fait que le mélange de peroxyde d'hydrogène et de persulfates forme des tensioactifs qui favorisent la dissolution lente des composés oxydants au sein de la couche cornée.BackgroundHair bleaching is increasingly being carried out in hairdressing salons. The products used are a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and persulfates, both active chemical agents. Scalp burns secondary to hair bleaching are a traumatic adverse effect rarely discussed in publications that continue to be little known among healthcare professionals.Patients and methodsWe report the case of a 15-year-old girl with a plaque of scarring alopecia on the vertex. This lesion resulted from a deep burn following a hair-bleaching procedure. Healing took around 4 months, resulting in discomfort for our patient.DiscussionThis is a rare case of scarring alopecia following a basic chemical burn to the scalp. The oxidation reaction induced by the mixture of hydrogen peroxide and persulfates, prepared in a basic medium, causes bleaching of the melanin pigments in hair. The clinical presentation of a single, well limited, painful, oozing ulceration located at the vertex was similar to the other cases published in the literature. Although a chemical burning mechanism is most often incriminated, the procedure is always coupled with use of a heat source and associated thermal burn may occur. The delayed appearance of the lesion appears to be caused by the forming of surfactants by the hydrogen peroxide/persulfate mixture, resulting in slow dissolution of the oxidizing compounds within the stratum corneum.
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Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
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00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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Δευτέρα 19 Μαρτίου 2018
Brûlure du cuir chevelu induite par les décolorations capillaires
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