Long term Outcome of Non-functioning and Hormonal-active Pituitary Adenoma after Gamma Knife Radio Surgery.

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Long term Outcome of Non-functioning and Hormonal-active Pituitary Adenoma after Gamma Knife Radio Surgery.

World Neurosurg. 2018 Mar 21;:

Authors: Narayan V, Mohammed N, Bir SC, Savardekar AR, Patra DP, Bollam P, Nanda A

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Stereotactic radiosurgery [SRS], particularly Gamma knife radiosurgery [GKRS] is an established treatment option for residual and recurrent pituitary adenoma tumors. It helps in the preservation of surrounding normal neuronal, vascular and hormone producing structures and cause less neurological deficits. The aim of the research is to evaluate the efficacy and define the role of GKRS for the treatment of non-functioning [NFA] and hormonal-active [HAA] pituitary adenoma.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 111 patients of histologically proven pituitary adenoma who underwent GKRS treatment at LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA over seventeen year period is presented. The clinical and radiological data was collected from the database. The tumors were categorised into NFA and HAA based on the endocrinology profile. The relevant statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, version 22.0.
RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 58 years. The study comprised 87 patients with NFA and 24 patients with HAA tumors. 38 patients [34.2%] had hypopituitarism symptoms and 8 patients [7%] had pan hypopituitarism symptoms. The mean tumor volume prior to GKRS was 3.8 cm3. The suprasellar and cavernous extension of the tumor was noted in 28 patients [25.2%] and 34 [30.6%] patients respectively. We observed >70% reduction in the size of tumors in the shrinkage cohort after GKRS and the median time for the shrinkage was 48.4 months. However increase in tumor size was noted in the progression cohort [Pre-GKRS: 3.8cm3 vs Post-GKRS: 6.5cm3]. 70 patients [63.1%] had neurological improvement and 26 patients [23.4%] had endocrinological worsening after GKRS.
CONCLUSION: GKRS plays a significant role in the treatment of NFA and HAA. It affords high rate of tumor control and offers low risk of collateral neurological or endocrine axis injury. Our study shows that control of tumor growth was achieved in 90% patients, shrinkage of tumor in 54% and arrest of progression in 36% cases after GKRS treatment. The biochemical remission rate in GH secreting adenoma was 57%, ACTH adenoma was 67% and prolactinoma was 40%. Age less than 50 years and tumor volume less than 5cm3 were associated with a favourable radiosurgical outcome.

PMID: 29574220 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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