Source:The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry
Author(s): Mohamed H. Helal, Hebatullah D. Hendawy, Rowan A. Gaber, Nourhan R. Helal, Moustafa N. Aboushelib
Statement of problemReconstruction of alveolar bony defects is difficult using grafting materials in a powder form. A biodegradable scaffold material might simplify the procedure.PurposeThe purpose of this in vivo study was to evaluate osteogenesis ability of a biodegradable CAD-CAM–fabricated polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold enriched with calcium phosphate salts including hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) used to reconstruct mandibular defects in a dog model.Material and methodsSurgical defects were made bilaterally in the mandible of male beagle dogs. Computerized tomography images were obtained for determination of the 3-dimensional shape of the defects after 3 months of healing. Porous PLA scaffolds were fabricated by milling custom-made CAD-CAM blocks into the desired shape. After milling, half of the scaffolds were prepared by filling the pores of the scaffolds by a mixture of HA and β-TCP. Scaffolds were inserted in the mandibular defects bilaterally. After a healing time of 8 weeks, the bone-scaffold interface was analyzed histomorphometrically to detect the amount of new bone formation. Stained histological sections were examined using a computer software and depth of new bone formation was assessed (n=14, α=.05).ResultsHistomorphometric analysis revealed that enriched scaffolds with calcium phosphates had significantly (t=4.4, P<.001) higher amounts of new bone formation (1.3 ±0.33 mm) compared with the controls (0.7 ±0.39 mm). Average new bone growth in enriched scaffolds was 1.3 mm while almost half this value was observed in uncoated scaffolds, 0.7 mm.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this animal study, HA and β-TCP enhanced osteogenesis ability of CAD-CAM–fabricated PLA scaffolds.
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