Growth Factors and Cell Homing in Dental Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

Purpose of Review

To summarize current views on the role and therapeutic potential of growth factors (GFs) within endodontic cell homing.

Recent Findings

Cell homing/revitalization techniques aim to regenerate dentin and pulp using endogenous cells. Clinically, revitalization has successfully created new vital tissue in necrotic permanent teeth with an open apex; however, there is no evidence of new odontoblasts, pulp tissue, or predictable extension in root length. Although the response is reparative rather than regenerative, exciting opportunities to improve these biologically-based strategies remain by (1) efficiently sequestering dentin-matrix-components (DMCs) using irrigants and dental materials (2) designing next-generation GF-releasing scaffold materials and (3) utilizing other sources of GF such as cells and plasma-rich plasma and plasma-rich fibrin.

Summary

GFs can promote reparative-dentinogenesis and pulp-like tissue formation. The future development and clinical approval of GF-functionalized-scaffolds is a priority; however, current focus should be to harness DMCs and target the interaction of stem cells and GFs.

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