BACKGROUND Mechanisms of peri-operative ischaemic optic neuropathy remain poorly understood. Both specific pre-operative and intra-operative factors have been examined by retrospective studies, but no animal model currently exists. OBJECTIVES To develop a rodent model of peri-operative ischaemic optic neuropathy. In rats, we performed head-down tilt and/or haemodilution, theorising that the combination damages the optic nerve. DESIGN Animal study. SETTING Laboratory. ANIMALS A total of 36 rats, in four groups, completed the functional examination of retina and optic nerve after the interventions. INTERVENTIONS Anaesthetised groups (n>8) were supine (SUP) for 5 h, head-down tilted 70° for 5 h, head-down tilted/haemodiluted for 5 h or SUP/haemodiluted for 5 h. We measured blood pressure, heart rate, intra-ocular pressure and maintained constant temperature. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS Retinal function (electroretinography), scotopic threshold response (STR) (for retinal ganglion cells) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) (for transmission through the optic nerve). We imaged the optic nerve in vivo and evaluated retinal histology, apoptotic cells and glial activation in the optic nerve. Retinal and optic nerve function were followed to 14 and 28 days after experiments. RESULTS At 28 days in head down tilted/haemodiluted rats, negative STR decreased (about 50% amplitude reduction, P = 0.006), VEP wave N2-P3 decreased (70% amplitude reduction, P = 0.01) and P2 latency increased (35%, P = 0.003), optic discs were swollen and glial activation was present in the optic nerve. SUP/haemodiluted rats had decreases in negative STR and increased VEP latency, but no glial activation. CONCLUSION An injury partly resembling human ischaemic optic neuropathy can be produced in rats by combining haemodilution and head-down tilt. Significant functional changes were also present with haemodilution alone. Future studies with this partial optic nerve injury may enable understanding of mechanisms of peri-operative ischaemic optic neuropathy and could help discover preventive or treatment strategies.
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Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
Κρήτη 72100
00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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- The role of pre-operative α-blockade in patients w...
- Comparison of a novel clinical score to estimate t...
- Association of pre-operative troponin levels with ...
- Oral ulcer due to dabigatran capsule
- Haemodilution and head-down tilting induce functio...
- Deep vs. moderate neuromuscular blockade during la...
- Intra-operative cutaneous temperature monitoring w...
- Comparison of noninvasive and minimally invasive p...
- Diagnostic accuracy of inferior vena caval respira...
- Device or target? A paradigm shift in airway manag...
- Bilateral parameatal cysts with associated hypospa...
- Deep neuromuscular blockade and surgical condition...
- Sarcoidosis and HIV infection in a native Saudi man
- End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring improves patie...
- Heart of the matter: reverse takotsubo syndrome in...
- Haemodynamic evaluation and optimisation of brain-...
- Cardiac arrest due to critical stenosis of a bicus...
- Dexamethasone concentration affecting rocuronium-i...
- Pericardial effusion as first presentation of diss...
- Postoperative stroke: The picture is out of focus
- Hereditary angioedema: a mother diagnosing her chi...
- Duration of the action of rocuronium in patients w...
- Translational pain research: an update from Europe...
- Correction: Severe capillary leak syndrome with ca...
- Borderline Mucinous Testicular Tumour: Diagnostic ...
- An open-label pilot study on preventing glucocorti...
- The role of pre-operative α-blockade in patients w...
- Comparison of a novel clinical score to estimate t...
- Association of pre-operative troponin levels with ...
- Deep vs. moderate neuromuscular blockade during la...
- Intra-operative cutaneous temperature monitoring w...
- Comparison of noninvasive and minimally invasive p...
- Diagnostic accuracy of inferior vena caval respira...
- Device or target? A paradigm shift in airway manag...
- Haemodilution and head-down tilting induce functio...
- Deep neuromuscular blockade and surgical condition...
- End-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring improves patie...
- Haemodynamic evaluation and optimisation of brain-...
- Dexamethasone concentration affecting rocuronium-i...
- Postoperative stroke: The picture is out of focus
- Duration of the action of rocuronium in patients w...
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- Advancing Freund's and AddaVax Adjuvant Regimens U...
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- Reviewers’ list December 2018
- Management and outcome of epistaxis under direct o...
- FDA Clears Omadacycline (Nuzyra) for Two Infections
- Peanut allergy – individual molecules as a key to ...
- Impact of route of administration on genotoxic est...
- Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotic Therapy in Early...
- Exercise for Leg Ulcers
- Alopecia Universalis and Chronic Graft-vs-Host Dis...
- Introducing “Images in Dermatology”
- Prescribed Exercise With Compression vs Compressio...
- Acrodermatitis Continua of Hallopeau
- Enhanced photocatalytic activity of BiVO 4 powders...
- Effective industrial regeneration of arsenic poiso...
- Photobiomodulation effect on the proliferation of ...
- Fasting glucagon-like peptide 1 concentration is a...
- Dr David Pothier 1973‐2018
- T1–D–T2 correlation of porous media with compresse...
- Evaluation of benchtop NMR Diffusion Ordered Spect...
- Antimicrobial and antifouling properties of versat...
- TGF-β1-induced airway smooth muscle cell prolifera...
- Hearing loss in preschool children from a low inco...
- Maternal risk factors for severe microtia/atresia ...
- The pedicled levator labii superioris alaeque nasi...
- Response to letter
- Tongue psoriasis: Clinical aspects and analysis of...
- Editorial board
- What Is the Non-calcifying Langerhans Cell-Rich Va...
- What Is the Non-calcifying Langerhans Cell-Rich Va...
- What Is the Non-calcifying Langerhans Cell-Rich Va...
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- An autologous dendritic cell vaccine polarizes a T...
- The challenge of choosing the correct biologic for...
- Closing the gap: Understanding African American as...
- Management of food allergies and asthma in schools
- In vitro allergy testing: Where are we now?
- Pediatric bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma...
- Editorial Board
- Information for Authors
- Table of Contents
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