Regulatory T cell therapy for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases: the next frontier

Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Author(s): Jonathan H. Esensten, Yannick D. Muller, Jeffrey A. Bluestone, Qizhi Tang

Unstructured abstract

FOXP3-expressing regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for self-tolerance with an emerging role in tissue repair and regeneration. Their ability to traffic to tissue and perform complex therapeutic tasks in response to the tissue microenvironment make them an attractive candidate for drug development. Early experiences of Treg cell therapy in graft-versus-host disease, type 1 diabetes, and organ transplant have shown that it is feasible, safe, and potentially efficacious in some settings. Many ongoing trials in a wide variety of diseases will further enhance our knowledge about the optimal approaches for Treg manufacturing and dosing. We review the current preclinical rationale supporting Treg therapy in a variety of disease settings ranging from tissue transplantation, autoimmune diseases, and non-immune-mediated inflammatory settings. We point out challenges in development of Treg cell therapy and speculate how synthetic biology may be used to enhance the feasibility and efficacy of Treg therapy for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases.

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