RESUMEN La piomiositis es una infección bacteriana del músculo estriado, siendo extremadamente rara la afectación de la musculatura cervical. Se ha asociado en nuestro medio a enfermedades crónicas como la diabetes y a la inmunodepresión. Presentamos a un paciente de 67 años que acude al servicio de urgencias por tumoración laterocervical de rápido crecimiento, negando antecedentes de interés a excepción de diabetes mellitus tipo II. Se le realizó estudio de imagen con tomografía computarizada con contraste, observándose aumento de volumen del músculo esternocleidomastoideo izquierdo y se empezó tratamiento empírico con antibióticos endovenosos. Dada la evolución tórpida finalmente se realizó drenaje quirúrgico bajo anestesia general con mejoría de los parámetros clínicos y analíticos. La piomiositis de los músculos cervicales es muy rara (0,4%-1% de todos los casos) siendo el esternocleidomastoideo el músculo del cuello más frecuentemente afectado. La tomografía computarizada representa la prueba de imagen de elección, permitiendo un rápido diagnóstico llegando a poder diferenciar este cuadro de otros similares. Considerando que muchos de estos pacientes presentan comorbilidades asociadas y/o inmunosupresión, es de extrema importancia diagnosticarlos precozmente y empezar un tratamiento adecuado que dependerá del grado y extensión de la infección. A pesar de ser una entidad poco frecuente, su incidencia está en aumento en nuestro medio asociada a la infección por VIH y otras condiciones de inmunodepresión. Hay que tenerla en mente en el diagnóstico diferencial de las tumoraciones laterocervicales porque solo con una alta sospecha clínica se podrá llevar al cabo un diagnóstico precoz y un tratamiento adecuado.
ABSTRACT Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection of the striated muscle that may affect the cervical musculature in very few cases. In the occidental world it has been associated with chronic diseases as diabetes and immunosuppression. We present a 67 years old patient attended to the Emergency Department because of a laterocervical fast growth tumor, without an interesting clinical history with the exception of type II diabetes mellitus. A CT scan with contrast showed an increased volume in the left sternocleidomastoid muscle, so an empiric treatment with intravenous antibiotics was started. Because of a bad evolution we finally performed a surgical drainage of the abscess under general anesthesia with an improvement of symptoms and laboratory markers. The pyomyositis of cervical muscles is very rare (0.4-1% of all cases) and the sternocleidomastoid muscle is the most commonly affected cervical muscle. CT scan is the gold standard imaging technique, because it allows to diagnose this disease and rule out other similar entities. If we consider that many patients present with associated comorbidities and/ or immunosuppression, it's very important to perform a rapid diagnosis and to begin a correct treatment that depends on the grade and extension of the infection. Although polymyositis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is rare, its incidence is increasing associated to HIV infection and other immunosuppressive conditions. We have to keep in mind this pathology in the differential diagnosis of laterocervical tumors because high clinical suspicion is necessary to make a rapid diagnosis and a correct treatment.
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Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
Κρήτη 72100
00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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- Cross-sectional study on Asthma Insights and Manag...
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