Malakoplakie de la glande sous-mandibulaire chez un patient transplanté rénal

Publication date: Available online 28 November 2015
Source:Revue de Stomatologie, de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et de Chirurgie Orale
Author(s): E. Schwob, J.-D. Bouaziz, A. Saussine, M. Bagot, A. Dionyssopoulos, A. Rigolet
IntroductionLa malakoplakie (MP) est une granulomatose inflammatoire rare, survenant chez des patients immunodéprimés, en réponse à une infection à Escherichia coli. Les lésions sont le plus souvent localisées au tractus génito-urinaire, mais il existe une grande variabilité de la topographie et de l'aspect lésionnel.ObservationUn homme de 70ans, transplanté rénal et diabétique sous traitement immunosuppresseur présentait une volumineuse lésion sous-angulo-mandibulaire gauche d'évolution chronique, avec atteinte cutanée en regard, associée à une lésion bourgeonnante de la muqueuse buccale. L'examen anatomopathologique des biopsies concluait à une MP. Les prélèvements bactériologiques étaient positifs à E. coli. L'antibiothérapie a permis une nette régression de la lésion qui a pu être suivie de son exérèse chirurgicale. L'examen histologique de la pièce opératoire confirmait le diagnostic de MP ayant envahi la glande sub-mandibulaire.DiscussionLe diagnostic de MP est anatomopathologique. Il repose sur la présence des cellules de von Hansemann et de corps de Michaelis-Gutmann. Le traitement de la MP repose sur une antibiothérapie active ciblée contre les germes intracellulaires, éventuellement associée à une prise en charge chirurgicale. Nous présentons ici le premier cas décrit d'atteinte de la glande sub-mandibulaire.IntroductionMalakoplakia (MP) is a rare granulomatous disease, usually occurring in immunocompromised patients, linked to Escherichia coli infection. The lesions are usually located in the genitourinary tract, but there is a great variability in the topography and the clinical presentation.Case reportA 70-year-old diabetic kidney transplant patient under immunosuppressive treatment presented with a voluminous submandibular chronic lesion, involving the skin, associated with a burgeoning lesion of the oral mucosa. Histological examination of biopsies concluded to MP and bacteriological samples were positive for E. coli. Antibiotic treatment allowed for the regression of the lesion before surgical removal. Histological examination of resected material confirmed the diagnosis of invasive MP of the submandibular gland.DiscussionThe diagnosis of MP relies on histological examination, showing the presence of von Hansemann's cells and Michaelis- Gutmann bodies. The treatment is based on active antibiotics targeted against intracellular bacteria, possibly associated with surgery. We report the first case of MP involving the submandibular gland.



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iTRAQ protein profile analysis provides integrated insight into mechanisms of tolerance to TMV in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)

Publication date: 30 January 2016
Source:Journal of Proteomics, Volume 132
Author(s): Jing Wang, Xiao-ran Wang, Qi Zhou, Jin-miao Yang, Hong-xiang Guo, Li-jun Yang, Wei-qun Liu
To further investigate the mechanism of the plant tolerance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection, tobacco NC89 (N) hypersensitive to TMV and its natural mutant Yuyan8 (Y) with tolerance to TMV were employed for differential accumulation proteome analysis. There were 260 specifically accumulated proteins in Yuyan8 after 24h inoculation (Yd), and the accumulations of 285 proteins inherent in Y have changed after TMV infection. Equally, there were 183 specifically accumulated proteins in NC89 after 24h inoculation (Nd), and 132 proteins inherent in N have changed after TMV infection. These differential proteins were respectively enriched in two pathways, of which photosynthesis pathway was the common pathway in two varieties. In photoreaction system, the accumulations of differential proteins, especially D1 protein, were not decreased in Yd compared to Nd. The results indicated that maintaining the stability of D1 protein and reasonable utilization of the energy was the essential for tolerance to TMV infection. It was also revealed that 14-3-3 protein and PR4 was specific expressed, and the expression of LRR was enhanced in Yd, suggesting that regulation of defense protein mediated by 14-3-3 protein quickly activated resistance system and enhanced the plant tolerance to TMV infection.SignificanceThis is the first work that the molecular basis of tobacco tolerance was discussed basic on proteomic investigation performed on wild type and its natural mutant. Our results lay the foundation for development of molecular breeding and further proteome research in tobacco.

Graphical abstract

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Unexpected Tumor: Primary Asymptomatic Schwannoma in Thyroid Gland

Abstract

The discovery of a tumor as a primary schwannoma in the thyroid gland is rare (Andrion et al. in Virchows Arch 413:367–372, 1988). It represents less than 1 % of mesenchymal neoplasms of this gland. Therefore, few cases of this type are described in medical literature (Aron et al. in Cytopathology 16:206–209, 2005; Cashman et al. in Medscape J Med 10(8):201, 2008; Coleman et al. in AJR Am J Roentgenol 140:383–7, 1983). In this article, we introduce the clinical case of a 27-year-old female patient, who presented a nodular mass located in the neck region. This mass was not associated with other symptoms and during the imagistic investigation it appeared to be a thyroglossal duct cyst. A fine needle aspiration biopsy was performed which revealed benign mesenchymal cells. After a pathology study of the piece resected through a thyroidectomy, it was confirmed that the tumor had neural characteristics, the final diagnosis being a primary schwannoma. The importance of a cytology study is emphasized, since in this case, it made it possible to accurately diagnose a mesenchymal tumor, despite their low frequency. It constitutes a highly useful tool for diagnosing non-epithelial neoplasia of the thyroid gland.

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A double-blind randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of daylight photodynamic therapy with methyl-aminolevulinate vs. Placebo and daylight in patients with facial photodamage

Publication date: Available online 28 November 2015
Source:Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas
Author(s): G. Sanclemente, G.A. Mancilla, G. Hernandez
BackgroundDaylight PDT (dPDT) is easy to use and does not require light equipment. Such therapy has been exhaustively proved to be successful in the treatment of actinic keratosis, but its use in skin photodamage remains unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate dPDT's efficacy in skin facial photodamage.Patients and methodsThis was a parallel-group double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Sixty participants with symmetric facial photodamage were allocated to topical methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) and daylight vs. matching placebo and daylight. Primary outcome was global photodamage improvement/failure 1 month after the third session. Secondary outcomes included: pain evaluation; specific photodamage severity scores; sun irradiance quantification and Skindex-29 scores. Adverse events were also investigated.ResultsPrimary analysis included all randomized patients. All patients sun-exposed for 120min in 3 sessions. The risk of failure was lower in the MAL-dPDT group than in the placebo plus daylight group (RR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08–0.41). Mean solar irradiance (W/m²) during the first, second and third sessions was 480.82, 430.07 and 435.84, respectively. Items 5 and 14 of Skindex-29 in the MAL-dPDT group showed statistical significant differences. Two patients in the MAL-dPDT group had serious and non-serious events not directly related to the product.ConclusiondPDT with MAL was un-painful, effective and safe for the treatment of facial photodamage. Herpes simplex prophylaxis should be considered before sessions.



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Association between interleukin 8 −251 A/T and +781 C/T polymorphisms and osteosarcoma risk in Chinese population: a case–control study

Abstract

Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is an angiogenic chemokine that plays a potent role in both development and progression of many human malignancies. However, there are no data about the role of IL-8 polymorphism in development of osteosarcoma. A hospital-based case–control study was conducted among 190 patients with osteosarcoma and 190 healthy controls to investigate the possible association between the IL-8 −251 A/T and +781 C/T polymorphisms, respectively, and the risk of osteosarcoma. Significant differences of genotype distribution were observed between osteosarcoma cases and controls at the IL-8 −251T/A genotypes. Compared with the IL-8 −251T/A homozygote TT, the heterozygous TA genotype was associated with significantly increased risk for osteosarcoma (odds ratio (OR) = 2.16, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = (1.38–4.52), P = 0.021); the AA genotype was associated with increased risk for osteosarcoma (OR = 1.94, 95 % CI = 1.31–3.83, P = 0.018). TA and AA combined variants were associated with increased risk for osteosarcoma compared with the TT genotype (OR = 1.72, 95 % CI = 1.45–4.41, P = 0.023). Moreover, the genotype AA of IL-8 −251T/A carried a higher risk of osteosarcoma metastasis and later Enneking stages, compared with the TT genotype. However, the genotype and allele frequencies of IL-8 +781 C/T polymorphisms in osteosarcoma patients were not significantly different from controls. Our results showed that the IL-8 −251 A/T genotype was associated with increased risk for development and metastasis of osteosarcoma in Chinese Han population.

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Editorial Board

Publication date: 10 January 2016
Source:Journal of Proteomics, Volume 131





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Nucleolin overexpression is associated with an unfavorable outcome for ependymoma: a multifactorial analysis of 176 patients

Abstract

Ependymoma typically has a better overall survival rate than most gliomas. Only a few comprehensive clinical studies have been published, but these are mostly from Western countries and use small sample sizes. Histopathological classification is not sufficient to show variable outcomes, and fails to show prognostic markers of the diverse outcomes; hence, it is essential to understand biological mechanisms. In this study, 176 ependymoma samples (World Health Organization grade II and III) were reviewed at Huashan Hospital. Both children and adults were included. We performed multifactorial analyses of clinical prognostic factors and the biomolecular marker expressions of nucleolin, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and caveolae-associated protein caveolin-1 by immunohistochemistry. We identified the probabilities of progression-free survival and overall survival using univariate and multivariate statistical methods. The participants were diagnosed with ependymomas between 2002 and 2010, including distributions of tumor locations in intracranial and extracranial regions. Nucleolin was overexpressed in 67 % of our samples, demonstrating a subgroup with poor outcome; particularly infratentorial and anaplastic ependymomas. There was no significant correlation between the expression of EGFR and caveolin-1 and clinical outcomes. Clinically, inferior prognosis was observed with regard to age (<18 years), intracranial location, high grade ependymomas, and incomplete resection. We found that nucleolin was an unfavorable prognostic predictor for ependymomas. Moreover, our findings show a subset of aggravating outcomes in high-grade and posterior fossa tumors.

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