Genetic variations of circulating adiponectin levels modulate changes in appetite in response to weight-loss diets.

Genetic variations of circulating adiponectin levels modulate changes in appetite in response to weight-loss diets.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Nov 14;:jc20162909

Authors: Ma W, Huang T, Heianza Y, Wang T, Sun D, Tong J, Williamson DA, Bray GA, Sacks FM, Qi L

Abstract
CONTEXT: Adiponectin plays key roles in regulating appetite and food intake.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate interactions between the genetic risk score (GRS) for adiponectin levels and weight-loss diets varying in macronutrient intake on long-term changes in appetite and adiponectin levels.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A GRS was calculated based on five adiponectin-associated variants in 692 overweight adults from the 2-year Preventing Overweight Using Novel Dietary Strategies trial.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Repeated measurements of plasma adiponectin levels and appetite-related traits including cravings, fullness, prospective consumption, and hunger.
RESULTS: Dietary fat showed nominally significant interactions with the adiponectin GRS on changes in appetite score and prospective consumption from baseline to 6 months (P-interaction = 0.014 and 0.017, respectively) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, baseline body mass index, and baseline respective outcome values. The GRS for lower adiponectin levels was associated with a greater decrease in appetite (P < 0.001) and prospective consumption (P = 0.008) among participants consuming a high-fat diet, whereas no significant associations were observed in the low-fat group. In addition, a significant interaction was observed between the GRS and dietary fat on 6-month changes in adiponectin levels (P-interaction = 0.021). The lower GRS was associated with a greater increase in adiponectin in the low-fat group (P = 0.02), but not associated with adiponectin changes in the high-fat group (P = 0.31).
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that individuals with varying genetic architecture of circulating adiponectin may respond divergently in appetite and adiponectin levels to weight-loss diets varying in fat intake.

PMID: 27841942 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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