[New insights in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and role of the biologist in the monitoring of the treatments].

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[New insights in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and role of the biologist in the monitoring of the treatments].

Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 2016 Mar-Apr;74(2):176-83

Authors: Troussard X, Cornet É

Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common hematologic malignancy in France. Much progress has been made in recent years in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease, the definition of diagnostic criteria (>5 G/L of clonal B-lymphocytes), identification of prognostic criteria, including a better understanding of fragile patients, high risk patients and even more recently by the emergence of new highly effective drugs, doing discuss their place in the wide therapeutic panel we have. The treatment of patients with CLL is indicated in patients with progressive stage A, stage B or stage C. The new drugs currently available include not only the new generation of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, type I (ofatumumab) or type II (obinutuzumab), Bcl-2 inhibitors (GDC-0199/ABT-199) and now the new small molecules available orally, including Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTK) and phosphor-inositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor. The role of the biologist in monitoring a patient treated for CLL is essential, the latter to make the diagnosis of CLL, the search for prognostic factors (Binet stage, lymphocyte doubling time, looking for a 17p deletion or TP53 mutations, study of mutational profile of heavy chain genes of immunoglobulins IGHV) and biological monitoring of the different treatments. We will study in this paper the results obtained with these drugs, insisting today more than ever on the need to set up a clinical and biological complementarity to allow optimal medical management of patients with CLL. The mechanisms of actions are discussed, as well as the response criteria we should use to evaluate the effectiveness of these treatments in clinical practice.

PMID: 27029723 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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