Acute exercise elicits differential expression of insulin resistance genes in the skeletal muscle of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to explore the role of acute exercise on skeletal muscle gene expression related to insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and controls.

Methods

Four obese women with PCOS and 4 body controls subjects (CTRL) participated in this study. After an overnight fast, the subjects underwent a single 40-minute bout of aerobic exercise. Muscle samples were obtained from vastus lateralis at baseline and 60 minutes after exercise. The expression of a panel of insulin resistance genes was evaluated by a quantitative PCR array system. Network-based analyses were performed to interpret transcriptional changes occurring before and after the exercise challenge.

Results

Overall, differentially expressed genes associated with mitochondria function and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling were identified. At baseline, there was a significant up-regulation of 6 genes exclusively in PCOS (i.e., NFKBIA, MAPK3, PPARGC1A and PPARA). Twelve genes were up-regulated in CTRL after a single bout of aerobic exercise (i.e., LEPR, CXCR4, CCR5, IL18R1, CRLF2, ACACA, CEBPA, PPARGC1A, UCP1, TNFRSF1B, TLR4, and IKBKB). After the exercise session, 3 genes were up-regulated in PCOS, (i.e., SOCS3, NAMPT, and IL8), whilst IL-6 was up-regulated in both groups after exercise.

Conclusions

This study provides novel evidence on the effects of acute exercise on insulin resistance genes in skeletal muscle of PCOS. The differentially expressed genes reported herein could be further investigated as targets for therapeutic interventions aimed at improving insulin resistance in this syndrome.

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