Four Cases of Pediatric Deep-Seated/Subcutaneous Pyogenic Granuloma: Review of Literature and Differential Diagnosis

ABSTRACT

Background

Pyogenic granulomas are benign, reactive, typically superficial vascular lesions that can be idiopathic or arise secondary to trauma, underlying vascular malformations, infections, physiologic or pathologic endocrine changes, and hormone therapy. Deep-seated/subcutaneous pyogenic granulomas (DSPG) are rarely seen in any age group. Pediatric DSPGs can be a clinical and pathologic challenge because these lesions mimic other vascular lesions, including kaposiform hemangioendothelioma, infantile hemangiomas, and vascular malformations.

Methods

Retrospective search of DSPG excised at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical center between June 2010 and June 2011 was conducted. Clinical information was obtained from patient charts and histologic slides were retrieved and reviewed.

Results

Of the 106 cases of pyogenic granuloma, four (3.8%) were diagnosed as DSPG. We report the details of those four cases and compare them to the other pediatric DSPG cases reported in the literature. We also review the histologic differential diagnosis of DSPG in pediatric population.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that these lesions may not be as rare as inferred by literature, but, rather, underdiagnosed.

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