Peak bone mass and bone microarchitecture in adults born with low birth weight preterm or at term: A cohort study.

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Peak bone mass and bone microarchitecture in adults born with low birth weight preterm or at term: A cohort study.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017 Apr 27;:

Authors: Balasuriya C, Evensen KAI, Mosti MP, Brubakk AM, Jacobsen GW, Indredavik MS, Schei B, Stunes AK, Syversen U

Abstract
Context and objectives: Peak bone mass (PBM) is regarded as the most important determinant of osteoporosis. Growing evidence suggests a role of intrauterine programming in skeletal development. We examined PBM and trabecular bone score (TBS) in adults born preterm with very low birth weight (VLBW) or small for gestational age (SGA) at term compared with term-born controls.
Design, setting, participants and outcomes: This follow-up cohort study included 186 men and women (25-28 years); 52 preterm VLBW (≤ 1500g), 59 term-born SGA (< 10th percentile), and 75 controls (>10th percentile). Main outcome was bone mineral density (BMD) by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Secondary outcomes were bone mineral content (BMC), TBS and serum bone markers.
Results: VLBW adults had lower BMC and BMD versus controls, also when adjusted for height, weight and potential confounders, with the following BMD Z-score differences: femoral neck: 0.6 SD (p=0.003), total hip: 0.4 SD (p=0.01), whole body: 0.5 SD (p=0.007), lumbar spine: 0.3 SD (p=0.213). The SGA group displayed lower spine BMC and whole body BMD Z-score, but not after adjustment. Adjusted odds ratios for osteopenia/osteoporosis were 2.4 and 2.0 in VLBW and SGA adults, respectively. TBS did not differ between groups, but was lower in men than in women. Serum Dickkopf-1 was higher in VLBW subjects versus controls, however, not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
Conclusions: Both low birth weight groups displayed lower PBM and higher frequency of osteopenia/osteoporosis, implying increased future fracture risk. The most pronounced bone deficit was seen in VLBW adults.

PMID: 28453635 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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