The frequency and influence of dementia risk factors in prodromal Alzheimer's disease

Publication date: August 2017
Source:Neurobiology of Aging, Volume 56
Author(s): Isabelle Bos, Stephanie J. Vos, Lutz Frölich, Johannes Kornhuber, Jens Wiltfang, Wolfgang Maier, Oliver Peters, Eckhart Rüther, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Ellis Niemantsverdriet, Ellen Elisa De Roeck, Magda Tsolaki, Yvonne Freund-Levi, Peter Johannsen, Rik Vandenberghe, Alberto Lleó, Daniel Alcolea, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Samantha Galluzzi, Flavio Nobili, Silvia Morbelli, Alexander Drzezga, Mira Didic, Bart N. van Berckel, Eric Salmon, Christine Bastin, Solene Dauby, Isabel Santana, Inês Baldeiras, Alexandre de Mendonça, Dina Silva, Anders Wallin, Arto Nordlund, Preciosa M. Coloma, Angelika Wientzek, Myriam Alexander, Gerald P. Novak, Mark Forrest Gordon, Åsa K. Wallin, Harald Hampel, Hilkka Soininen, Sanna-Kaisa Herukka, Philip Scheltens, Frans R. Verhey, Pieter Jelle Visser
We investigated whether dementia risk factors were associated with prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to the International Working Group-2 and National Institute of Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria, and with cognitive decline. A total of 1394 subjects with mild cognitive impairment from 14 different studies were classified according to these research criteria, based on cognitive performance and biomarkers. We compared the frequency of 10 risk factors between the subgroups, and used Cox-regression to examine the effect of risk factors on cognitive decline. Depression, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia occurred more often in individuals with low-AD-likelihood, compared with those with a high-AD-likelihood. Only alcohol use increased the risk of cognitive decline, regardless of AD pathology. These results suggest that traditional risk factors for AD are not associated with prodromal AD or with progression to dementia, among subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Future studies should validate these findings and determine whether risk factors might be of influence at an earlier stage (i.e., preclinical) of AD.



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