Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity: A review of the literature

Publication date: Available online 1 June 2017
Source:Trends in Food Science & Technology
Author(s): Joana Clímaco Henggeler, Manuel Veríssimo, Fernando Ramos
BackgroundNon-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is an emerging and still poorly defined clinical entity, which is part of the spectrum of gluten-related disorders (along with coeliac disease and wheat allergy) but also closely related to irritable bowel syndrome. It is characterised by a wide array of both gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms. NCGS was first defined in the 1970s, but has gained critical relevance in recent years.Scope and ApproachThis review covers the existing definitions, documented symptoms and methods of diagnosis, treatment via a gluten-free diet, history, prevalence in the general population and possible mechanisms for NCGS. It also looks into recent studies and their findings. All information is relative to studies published in the last 6 years (2011-present).Key Findings and ConclusionsDespite recent advances in characterising NCGS as a clinical entity and gaining novel insights into its pathogenesis, further studies are needed to better understand its etiology and mechanism and to establish specific biomarkers.



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