Source:Medical Hypotheses
Author(s): Thomas Ertelt, Thomas Gronwald
Both, hamstring and ACL injuries are amongst the most typical injuries, particularly in change of direction and high speed running sports. They're also difficult to treat. Therefore, in the past few years, sports medicine practitioners and exercise scientists have mainly been focusing on the de velopment and implementation of preventive programs in order to reduce the number of lower limb injuries, mainly by improving knee alignment. A number of studies have been able to prove the success of these training interventions, which are mainly addressing sensorimotor abilities and plyometric activities. The number of non‐contact hamstring injuries has nevertheless been on the rise, particularly in sports like soccer and football. Therefore, the purpose of the following article is to introduce the hypothesis that the above‐mentioned training interventions have a massive influence on the activation patterns on the targeted muscle group, and on the biceps femoris in particular. Muscle function and the resulting internal load are directly related to muscle architec ture at the insertion. Training induced adaptations in hamstring activation patterns can thus lead to an increased injury susceptibility. In this case, a simulation model that directly relates to an acute deceleration maneuver provides valuable insights into the function of the biceps femoris muscle, especially when the rate of activity and the muscle geometry at the insertion area are taken into consideration. We conclude that there needs to be a greater individualization of pre vention programs, especially in regards to anatomical requirements, in order to further reduce injury rates in elite sports. Moreover, it would also seem reasonable to apply a similar approach to aspects of chronic pain such as chronic non‐specific low back pain.
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