A microRNA signature for evaluation of risk and severity of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases.

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A microRNA signature for evaluation of risk and severity of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jan 09;:

Authors: Martínez-Hernández R, Sampedro-Núñez M, Serrano-Somavilla A, Ramos-Leví AM, de la Fuente H, Triviño JC, Sanz-García A, Sánchez-Madrid F, Marazuela M

Abstract
Context: Circulating miRNAs are emerging as an interesting research area, because of their potential role as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Their involvement in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) has not been fully explored.
Objective: To compare the expression profile of miRNAs in thyroid tissue from patients with AITD and controls, using next generation sequencing, corroborated with qRT-PCR, and further validated our findings in serum samples.
Design: Twenty fresh-frozen thyroid tissues (15 from AITD and 5 controls) were used for miRNA next generation sequencing. 36 thyroid samples were recruited for qRT-PCR validation test and 58 serum samples for further validation in peripheral blood.
Results: Expression of several miRNAs that had been previously associated with relevant immunological functions was significantly dysregulated. Specifically, eight differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-21-5p, -142-3p, -146a-5p, -146b-5p, -155-5p, --338-5p, -342-5p, -766-3p) were confirmed using qRT-PCR in thyroid samples and three of them had the same behaviour in tissue and serum samples (miR-21-5p, -142-3p and -146a-5p). Furthermore, when the expression of these miRNAs was assessed together with five additional ones previously related to AITD in peripheral blood, the expression of five of them (miR-Let7d, -21-5p, -96-5p, -142-3p, and -301a-3p) were significantly expressed in AITD and, in GD patients, were correlated with a higher severity of disease, including active ophtalmopathy, goitre, higher antibody titres and/or higher recurrence rates.
Conclusions: The present findings identify a serum 5-miRNA signature that could be an independent risk factor for developing AITD and a predisposition of a worse clinical picture in GD patients.

PMID: 29325052 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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