Connection between BMI related plasma metabolite profile and gut microbiota.

Connection between BMI related plasma metabolite profile and gut microbiota.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Feb 01;:

Authors: Ottosson F, Brunkwall L, Ericson U, Nilsson PM, Almgren P, Fernandez C, Melander O, Orho-Melander M

Abstract
Context: Emerging evidence has related the gut microbiome and circulating metabolites to human obesity. Gut microbiota is responsible for several metabolic functions and altered plasma metabolome may reflect differences in the gut microbiome.
Objective: To identify a plasma metabolite profile associated with BMI in a general population and to investigate if such metabolite profile is associated with distinct composition of the gut microbiota.
Design: Targeted profiling of 48 plasma metabolites was performed in a population of 920 Swedish adults (mean age 39y, 53% women) from the ongoing Malmö Offspring Study using targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Gut microbiota was analysed by sequencing of the16S rRNA gene (V1-V3 region) in faecal samples of 674 study participants.
Results: BMI associated with 19 metabolites (p<0.001 for all), of which glutamate provided the strongest direct association (p=5.2e-53). By orthogonal partial least squares regression a metabolite principal component predictive of BMI was constructed (PCBMI). In addition to glutamate, PCBMI was dominated by branched chain amino acids (BCAA) and related metabolites. Four gut microbiota genera (L.blautia, L.dorea, L.ruminococcus and SHA-98) associated with both BMI and PCBMI (P<8.0e-4 for all). When simultaneously regressing the PCBMI and the metabolite associated gut bacteria against BMI, only PCBMI remained significant.
Conclusions: We discovered associations between four gut microbiota genera (L.blautia, L.dorea, L.ruminococcus and SHA-98) and BMI predictive plasma metabolites, including glutamate and BCAAs. This suggests that these metabolites could be mediators between gut microbiota and obesity, and points to potential future opportunities for targeting the gut microbiota in prevention of obesity.

PMID: 29409054 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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