Incidence and risk factors of febrile neutropenia in patients with non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma receiving R-CHOP in a single center in Japan.

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Incidence and risk factors of febrile neutropenia in patients with non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma receiving R-CHOP in a single center in Japan.

Support Care Cancer. 2017 Nov;25(11):3313-3320

Authors: Yokoyama M, Kusano Y, Takahashi A, Inoue N, Ueda K, Nishimura N, Mishima Y, Terui Y, Nukada T, Nomura T, Hatake K

Abstract
PURPOSE: The incidence of and risk factors for febrile neutropenia (FN) in Japanese non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma (B-NHL) patients receiving rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and predonisolone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy are unknown. We conducted this study to address this issue.
METHODS: In this single-center, retrospective, observational study, 466 patients with B-NHL who completed an R-CHOP regimen within a 7-year period and who planned to undergo at least three cycles of this regimen were analyzed. The following FN-related factors were assessed: fever, infection, disease state, neutrophil count, and prophylactic interventions such as use of antibiotics and/or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). We simulated the FN incidence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of patients without prophylaxis with G-CSF (cycle 1) using bootstrap sampling.
RESULTS: The incidence of FN was 9.1% (42 of 462) in cycle 1 and 12.3% (57 of 462 patients) throughout all cycles, with 73.7% (42/57) developing FN during cycle 1. Risk factors for FN among patients with B-NHL treated with R-CHOP were albumin <35 g/L (p = 0.0047), relative dose intensity <85% (p = 0.0007), and lack of prophylaxis with G-CSF (p = 0.0006) in cycle 1. In the simulation analysis, the estimated FN incidence in cycle 1 was 16.2% (95% CI [10.9-22.2]).
CONCLUSIONS: At 9.1% in cycle 1 and 12.3% throughout all cycles, the incidence of FN was lower than previously reported, possibly reflecting the appropriate use of G-CSF in this clinical setting. For patients with risk factors, the prophylaxis with G-CSF may decrease the occurrence of FN.

PMID: 28551843 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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