Protein corona–mediated targeting of nanocarriers to B cells allows redirection of allergic immune responses

Publication date: November 2018

Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Volume 142, Issue 5

Author(s): Limei Shen, Stefan Tenzer, Wiebke Storck, Dominika Hobernik, Verena Katherina Raker, Karl Fischer, Sandra Decker, Andrzej Dzionek, Susanne Krauthäuser, Mustafa Diken, Alexej Nikolaev, Joachim Maxeiner, Petra Schuster, Cinja Kappel, Admar Verschoor, Hansjörg Schild, Stephan Grabbe, Matthias Bros

Background

Nanoparticle (NP)–based vaccines are attractive immunotherapy tools because of their capability to codeliver antigen and adjuvant to antigen-presenting cells. Their cellular distribution and serum protein interaction ("protein corona") after systemic administration and their effect on the functional properties of NPs is poorly understood.

Objectives

We analyzed the relevance of the protein corona on cell type–selective uptake of dextran-coated NPs and determined the outcome of vaccination with NPs that codeliver antigen and adjuvant in disease models of allergy.

Methods

The role of protein corona constituents for cellular binding/uptake of dextran-coated ferrous nanoparticles (DEX-NPs) was analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. DEX-NPs conjugated with the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) and immunostimulatory CpG-rich oligodeoxynucleotides were administered to monitor the induction of cellular and humoral immune responses. Therapeutic effects of this DEX-NP vaccine in mouse models of OVA-induced anaphylaxis and allergic asthma were assessed.

Results

DEX-NPs triggered lectin-induced complement activation, yielding deposition of activated complement factor 3 on the DEX-NP surface. In the spleen DEX-NPs targeted predominantly B cells through complement receptors 1 and 2. The DEX-NP vaccine elicited much stronger OVA-specific IgG_2a production than coadministered soluble OVA plus CpG oligodeoxynucleotides. B-cell binding of the DEX-NP vaccine was critical for IgG_2a production. Treatment of OVA-sensitized mice with the DEX-NP vaccine prevented induction of anaphylactic shock and allergic asthma accompanied by IgE inhibition.

Conclusions

Opsonization of lectin-coated NPs by activated complement components results in selective B-cell targeting. The intrinsic B-cell targeting property of lectin-coated NPs can be exploited for treatment of allergic immune responses.

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