Marin Marais's first collection of music for basse de viole, Pieces à une et à deux violes, was published in two partbooks: the viol partbook appeared in 1686, and the basse continue partbook was printed in 1689. In preparing his critical edition of this collection, John Hsu identified some 413 readings in which the earliest copies off the press differed from later copies. These differences were the results of changes that Marais authorized to be made to the plates from which the partbooks were printed. Some scholars have assumed that the differences reflected changes in the way that Marais played the pieces in the collection, but careful analysis of the variants indicates that both states of the plates represent essentially the same interpretations. Some (a very few) of the changes were made to correct errors; some were made to incorporate musical second thoughts; some were made to adapt pieces composed for unaccompanied viol to the presence of a basse continue; but the overwhelming majority were made to provide additional technical or interpretative data—fingerings, bowings, ornamentation—to amplify the instructions provided in the earlier states. The motive behind this detail was to encourage—indeed, to the extent possible, to oblige—players to perform the pieces as the composer himself did. The quality of his music apart, it is the level of detail and the concern for representing components of performance that makes Marais's publications so valued today.
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