Central nervous system vasculitis in adults: An update

Publication date: Available online 11 January 2017
Source:Autoimmunity Reviews
Author(s): Lívia Almeida Dutra, Alexandre Wagner Silva de Souza, Gabriela Grinberg-Dias, Orlando Graziani Povoas Barsottini, Simone Appenzeller
Primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV) is a challenging diagnosis due to broad clinical manifestations and variable specificity and sensitivity of laboratory and imaging diagnostic tools. Differential diagnosis include reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), secondary vasculitis of the CNS and other noninflammatory vasculopathies. Brain biopsy is essential for definitive diagnosis and to exclude mimickers. Recent data show data large-vessel PCNSV present worse prognosis when compared to small-vessel PCNSV. Herein we review diagnosis and management of PCNSV, secondary vasculitis of CNS and RCVS.



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