Aripiprazole for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Review of the Clinical Effectiveness [Internet].

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by unstable interpersonal relationships, emotion and self-image, as well as marked impulsivity causing significant impairment. The term BPD describes a disease in the "borderline" between psychosis and neurosis. In the United States, it was reported in 2008 that the estimated prevalence was 1.4 percent in general population, but may be as high as 20% among psychiatry inpatients. BPD is predominantly (75%) diagnosed in women in clinical settings., However, there is no significant difference in the lifetime prevalence of BPD between men and women. This discrepancy of gender prevalence suggests that women with BPD are more likely to seek treatment than men. Co-morbidity with other psychiatric disorders is common in patients with BPD, especially with mood, anxiety, substance-use, and eating disorders. The cause of BPD is not known. Most hypotheses suggest that BPD is due to a combination of genetic, biologic, and psychosocial factors. Patients may experience spontaneous intermittent remission clinically sometimes. It is estimated that about 60% to 78% of BPD patients make suicide attempts, but the rate of completed suicides was found to be about 4% during a 10-years follow-up. An estimated lifetime risk of suicide of patients with BPD ranged from 3% to 10 %. The clinical diagnosis of BPD is based on a comprehensive psychiatric assessment. Clinicians use all available sources of information to make the diagnosis including the patient's self-reported clinical history, the clinician's observations during interviews, and information from family, friends, and medical records. Children or young adolescents are generally not diagnosed with BPD.,

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