18F-BCPP-EF was applied to assess mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) activity in the brains of Parkinson's disease (PD) model monkeys prepared by MPTP and also presynaptic dopamine parameters. Methods: 11C-β-CFT for the dopamine transporter (DAT), β-11C-L-DOPA, 18F-FDOPA, or 6-11C-methyl-m-tyrosine (11C-6MemTyr) for dopamine synthesis, or 18F-BCPP-EF for MC-1 was intravenously injected into normal and MPTP monkeys in order to analyze their uptakes in the striatum. Results: Significant reductions in presynaptic dopamine parameters and MC-I activity were detected in the striatum of MPTP monkeys. Correlations were observed between MC-I activity and DAT as well as between MC-I activity and dopamine synthesis in the striatum. The order of detectability of impaired MC-I activity was 11C-6MemTyr >> β-11C-L-DOPA > 18F-FDOPA. Conclusion: 18F-BCPP-EF has potential as a PET probe for the quantitative imaging of MC-1 damage in the living brains of PD model monkeys using PET.
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