Abstract
Background
Chewing impairment has been observed in elders with Alzheimer disease (AD), however it is unknown whether oral rehabilitation can improve their masticatory function. Objective: This study evaluated the influence of new removable prostheses on chewing function of patients with AD
Methods
Participants using removable dentures were divided into two groups: patients with mild AD (77.2 ± 5.8 years, n=16) and controls (76.0 ± 4.4, n=16). All participants received general dental treatment and new total and/or partial removable prostheses. After two months of adaptation to the new dentures, chewing was evaluated by the following parameters: masticatory cycle time (CT), cycle velocity (CV), and opening (OA) and closing mandibular angles (CA), registered by a kinesiographic device. Maximum bite force (MBF) was assessed using a strain sensor. Evaluations were performed at baseline and after insertion of the new prostheses. A mixed model (α = 5%) was used for within- and between-subject analyses
Results
After insertion of new prostheses, CT was reduced, and CV and MBF were increased in both groups (P < 0.05). There were no changes in OA or CA (P > 0.05). Compared to controls, elders with AD showed higher CT and reduced MBF and CV both at baseline and after insertion of new prostheses (P < 0.05). However, OA and CA did not differ between groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Insertion of new removable prostheses improved masticatory function in elders with and without AD, but patients with mild AD still had reduced chewing parameters compared to controls.
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