Airborne Particulate Matter Induces Non-allergic Eosinophilic Sinonasal Inflammation in Mice.

Airborne Particulate Matter Induces Non-allergic Eosinophilic Sinonasal Inflammation in Mice.

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2017 Feb 28;:

Authors: Ramanathan M, London NR, Tharakan A, Surya N, Sussan TE, Rao X, Lin SY, Toskala E, Rajagopalan S, Biswal S

Abstract
RATIONALE: Exposure to airborne particulate matter has been linked to aggravation of respiratory symptoms, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. While the health effects of particulate matter on the lower pulmonary airway have been extensively studied, little is known regarding the impact of chronic particulate matter exposure on the upper sinonasal airway.
OBJECTIVES: To test the impact of chronic airborne particulate matter exposure on the upper respiratory system in vivo.
METHODS: Mice were subjected by inhalation to concentrated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 16 weeks. Mean airborne fine particulate matter concentration was 60.92 micrograms per cubic meter, a concentration of fine particulate matter lower than that reported in some major global cities. Mice were then sacrificed and analyzed for evidence of inflammation and barrier breakdown compared to control mice.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Evidence of the destructive effects of chronic airborne particulate matter on sinonasal health in vivo including pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and macrophage and neutrophil inflammatory cell accumulation was observed. A significant increase in epithelial barrier dysfunction was observed as assessed by serum albumin accumulation in nasal airway lavage fluid, as well as decreased expression of adhesion molecules including claudin-1 and epithelial cadherin. A significant increase in eosinophilic inflammation including increased interleukin-13, eotaxin-1, and eosinophil accumulation was also observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, although largely observational, these studies demonstrate the destructive effects of chronic airborne particulate matter exposure on the sinonasal airway barrier disruption and non-allergic eosinophilic inflammation in mice.

PMID: 28245149 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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