Induced-Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Primitive Macrophages Provide a Platform for Modeling Tissue-Resident Macrophage Differentiation and Function

Publication date: 18 July 2017
Source:Immunity, Volume 47, Issue 1
Author(s): Kazuyuki Takata, Tatsuya Kozaki, Christopher Zhe Wei Lee, Morgane Sonia Thion, Masayuki Otsuka, Shawn Lim, Kagistia Hana Utami, Kerem Fidan, Dong Shin Park, Benoit Malleret, Svetoslav Chakarov, Peter See, Donovan Low, Gillian Low, Marta Garcia-Miralles, Ruizhu Zeng, Jinqiu Zhang, Chi Ching Goh, Ahmet Gul, Sandra Hubert, Bernett Lee, Jinmiao Chen, Ivy Low, Nurhidaya Binte Shadan, Josephine Lum, Tay Seok Wei, Esther Mok, Shohei Kawanishi, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Anis Larbi, Michael Poidinger, Laurent Renia, Lai Guan Ng, Yochai Wolf, Steffen Jung, Tamer Önder, Evan Newell, Tara Huber, Eishi Ashihara, Sonia Garel, Mahmoud A. Pouladi, Florent Ginhoux
Tissue macrophages arise during embryogenesis from yolk-sac (YS) progenitors that give rise to primitive YS macrophages. Until recently, it has been impossible to isolate or derive sufficient numbers of YS-derived macrophages for further study, but data now suggest that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be driven to undergo a process reminiscent of YS-hematopoiesis in vitro. We asked whether iPSC-derived primitive macrophages (iMacs) can terminally differentiate into specialized macrophages with the help of growth factors and organ-specific cues. Co-culturing human or murine iMacs with iPSC-derived neurons promoted differentiation into microglia-like cells in vitro. Furthermore, murine iMacs differentiated in vivo into microglia after injection into the brain and into functional alveolar macrophages after engraftment in the lung. Finally, iPSCs from a patient with familial Mediterranean fever differentiated into iMacs with pro-inflammatory characteristics, mimicking the disease phenotype. Altogether, iMacs constitute a source of tissue-resident macrophage precursors that can be used for biological, pathophysiological, and therapeutic studies.

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Teaser

Yolk-sac (YS) embryonic macrophages contribute to tissue-resident macrophages but remain difficult to study because of their stage-dependent limited availability. Takata et al. demonstrate that iPSCs can generate YS macrophage-like cells (iMacs) that differentiate into functional tissue-resident macrophage-like cells upon receiving organ-specific cues, thus providing a platform for modeling tissue-resident macrophages.


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