The polysaccharide-rich tea of Ximenia americana barks prevents indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damage via neutrophil inhibition

Publication date: 5 October 2018
Source:Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Volume 224
Author(s): Patrícia da Silva Pantoja, Ana Maria Sampaio Assreuy, Renan Oliveira Silva, Samara Rodrigues Bonfim Damasceno, Vanessa Azevedo Mendonça, Tiago Santos Mendes, Jose Athayde Vasconcelos Morais, Samira Lopes de Almeida, Antônio Éder Enzo Albuquerque Teixeira, Marcellus Henrique Loiola Ponte de Souza, Maria Gonçalves Pereira, Pedro Marcos Gomes Soares
Ethnopharmacological relevanceBarks of Ximenia americana are used by the population to treat gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. Indomethacin is a non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that induces marked gastrointestinal damage.Aims of the studiesTo evaluate the gastroprotective activity of total polysaccharides contained in the extract (TPL-Xa) or tea (Tea-Xa) of Ximenia americana barks in the mice gastric damage induced by indomethacin.Materials and methodsTPL-Xa was obtained by a combination of NaOH extraction and ethanol precipitation. Tea-Xa was prepared in distilled water boiled during 5 min. Animals received p.o. 0.9% NaCl (saline - control group), TPL-Xa (1–90 mg/kg) or Tea-Xa 1 h before gastritis induction by indomethacin (20 mg/kg). Mice were sacrificed 7 h after gastritis induction and analyzed for the following parameters: stomach lesions measurement; histological evaluation; myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity; nitrate/nitrite and cytokine levels; leukocyte adhesion and rolling by intravital microscopy.ResultsTPL-Xa reduced macroscopic and microscopic damage, MPO activity (59%), leukocyte rolling (86%) and adhesion (84%), nitrite/nitrate ratio (100%) and IL-8 (69%), but increased IL-4 (50%). Tea-Xa (12.8 yield; 39.3% carbohydrate, including 25.8% uronic acid; 4% protein) reduced macroscopic damage (62%) and MPO activity (50%).ConclusionTPL and Tea of Ximenia americana barks ameliorate the gastric injury induced by indomethacin in mice, an effect that was dependent on the reduction of neutrophil infiltration.

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