Long non‐coding RNA polymorphisms influence susceptibility to endemic pemphigus foliaceus

Abstract

Background

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an epidermal autoimmune disease, characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against the desmosomal protein desmoglein 1. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to PF, a complex disease that is endemic in Brazil and Colombia and neighbouring countries, and in Tunisia. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may participate in gene regulation by interacting with DNA, proteins, and other RNAs. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has recently been recognized as an important co‐player in the onset or progression of complex diseases. In addition, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located in lncRNA genes have been associated with differential risk to cancer, autoimmunity and infection.

Objectives

Here, we aimed to investigate whether SNPs in lncRNA genes are associated with differential susceptibility to endemic PF.

Methods

We integrated data from the lncRNASNP database with genome‐wide genotype data obtained for 229 patients and 6,681 controls. We tested the association between endemic PF and 2,080 SNPs located in lncRNAs applying logistic regression.

Results

The most significantly associated SNP was rs7144332 (OR = 1·63, P = 2·8 x 10^‐6), located in the lncRNA gene AL110292·1. Results for other five SNPs were suggestive of association (P < 0·001). In silico analysis indicated that five of the six SNPs impact transcription, four may influence lncRNA secondary structure, and three of them may alter microRNA‐lncRNA interactions.

Conclusion

We showed, for the first time, that variation in lncRNA genes may influence pemphigus pathogenesis. Our findings highlight the importance of lncRNA variation in autoimmune and possibly other complex diseases and suggest polymorphisms for functional validation.

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