The Optimization of the Prevascularization Procedures for Improving Subcutaneous Islet Engraftment.

Background: Subcutaneous islet transplantation (SC Tx) is associated with minimal invasiveness, but poor vascularization. Thus, the optimization of the prevascularization procedures is crucial for improving the outcomes. Although the effectiveness of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was reported, the optimal procedures remain unclear. We sought to optimize the prevascularization procedures including the use of a novel scaffold, recombinant peptide (RCP). Methods: Devices containing various amount of bFGF with/without heparin, or RCP were implanted into the subcutaneous space of diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Syngeneic islets were transplanted into the prevascularized space. Blood glucose, intra-peritoneal glucose tolerance, and immunohistochemistry were evaluated. Results: The cure rates in all the device groups irrespective of bFGF doses were considerably higher than in the nondevice group. The cure rate in the bFGF0 group was unexpectedly higher than that in the subcutaneous islet transplant alone group (the None group) (57.1 vs. 28.6%). Glucose tolerance was ameliorated in the bFGF10(-), 10(+) and 15(-) groups. The number of vWF-positive vessels in the bFGF10(+) group was significantly higher than that in the None and bFGF0 groups (P

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