Soft Tissue Filler Properties Can Be Altered by a Small-Diameter Needle: BACKGROUND
Small-bore needles reduce the complications associated with soft tissue filler injection. Gel particles must be sized appropriately to pass through fine-bore needles with an acceptable extrusion force. However, most soft tissue filler particles are larger than the inner diameter of the needle. The authors hypothesized that the physical properties of these particles change as the gel passes through the needle.
OBJECTIVE
The authors aimed to investigate whether the predesigned physical and rheological properties of the filler change after passage through the small-bore needle.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
Particle sizes of 4 hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers were analyzed using a particle size analyzer. Five soft tissue fillers with different particle sizes were subjected to rheological characterization. All tests were performed using fillers with and without a 30-G needle.
RESULTS
Monophasic HA fillers with smaller particle sizes exhibited small changes between particle sizes but no differences in rheological properties. Biphasic HA fillers with larger particle sizes exhibited remarkable changes in particle size and rheological properties. Calcium fillers exhibited changes in rheological properties.
CONCLUSION
Injection through small-bore needles can alter the physical properties and rheological equilibrium of soft tissue fillers. The authors suggest avoiding small-bore needles as they may affect the rheological equilibrium and clinical performance of fillers.
Σφακιανάκης Αλέξανδρος
ΩτοΡινοΛαρυγγολόγος
Αναπαύσεως 5 Άγιος Νικόλαος
Κρήτη 72100
00302841026182
00306932607174
alsfakia@gmail.com
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- Emergency surgery for acute cholecystitis associat...
- inoperable or recurrent HER2-positive breast cance...
- Serum cystatin C: A potential predictor for hospit...
- Management Strategies of Ocular Chemical Burns: Cu...
- A Real-World Study of Dexamethasone Implant in Tre...
- Collagen-Supplemented Incubation Rapidly Augments ...
- The effect of vitamin D supplementation on surviva...
- Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in cancer and cancer immuno...
- Autophagy as a therapeutic target in pancreatic ca...
- Can Straw Phonation Be Considered As Vocal Warm Up...
- Extraarticular extrasynovial solitary osteochondro...
- Neural Correlates of Sleep Recovery following Mela...
- Subjects with temporomandibular joint disc displac...
- defective endocytosis and proximal tubule dysfunct...
- Uncaria tomentosa reduces osteoclastic bone loss
- Intestinal resection affects whole-body arginine s...
- Understanding the mechanisms of placebo and nocebo...
- Prognostic Factors, Treatment, and Survival in Pri...
- Use of Autologous, Noncultured Melanocyte–Keratino...
- Guidance for the Management of Patients with Vascu...
- Strip Graft of the Eyebrow for the Treatment of Tr...
- A Large Defect on the Cheek
- Robust Single-Stage Reconstruction of the Mid and ...
- Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Consider Treatment With H...
- Temporary Greater Auricular Nerve Paresthesia Afte...
- Electron Microscopy of Argyria Treated With Picose...
- The Perialar Crescentic Advancement Flap: A Workho...
- Depth Map for Face and Neck Deep Chemical Peel Res...
- Catamenial Exacerbations of Cutaneous Neoplasms
- High- Versus Low-Density Fractional Laser in the T...
- Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Treatment of Sebo...
- Use of Lasers for Iron-Induced Accidental Tattoos:...
- Effects of Hyaluronic Acid on Stability of Bleomyc...
- The Force Required to Inject a Column of Filler Th...
- Reliability of Periocular Anthropometry: A Compari...
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