Dyslipidemia incidence and the trend of lipid parameters changes in women with history of gestational diabetes: a 15-year follow-up study

Abstract

Purpose

Evidence shows that patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may exhibit features of dyslipidemic phenotype later in life. We aimed to examine and compare dyslipidemia incidence rate and the trend of lipid changes over a 15-years follow-up between the women with the history of GDM and their healthy peers.

Methods

This longitudinal study included 289 patients with GDM and 1183 women without GDM, aged 20–50 years. Pooled logistic regression model was utilized to estimate odds ratio of dyslipidemia. The generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the trend of lipid parameters changes over time.

Results

Person-time dyslipidemia incidence rate in women with previous GDM was 0.067 (CI: 0.038, 0.096) with a median progression time of 2.13 years and for those without GDM was 0.059 (CI: 0.046, 0.072) with the median time of 2.31 years ( \(p - valu{e_{comparison}}\)  = 0.214). The generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis revealed no significant difference in trend changes of lipid profiles between two groups.

Conclusions

Lipid disorder after GDM might be more influenced by other variables (BMI, anthropometric features, and smoking/lifestyle habits) rather than by the GDM status alone. Lipid profile changes of GDM women do not become significantly worse than their non-GDM counterparts, as time progresses.

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