SUMMARY: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which spreads rapidly from person to person and manifests in most symptomatic patients as a respiratory illness, similar to prior SARS viruses. Neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 are uncommon; those so far reported include encephalopathy, stroke from large-vessel occlusion, and polyneuropathy. We report a unique neurologic complication of COVID-19 in a...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have suggested that increased mortality and disability in patients with brain tumor are associated with peritumoral brain edema. However, the mechanism of peritumoral brain edema in brain tumors is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Piezo1 overexpression on peritumoral brain edema in glioblastomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Piezo1 expression in cell lines and paired samples was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: We report a previously undescribed pattern of brain metastases in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor–mutated non-small-cell lung cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and radiation therapy. These highly distinct lesions appear to spread focally within the leptomeninges, with invasion along the perivascular spaces (FLIP). The survival of patients with FLIP was significantly better compared with patients with classic leptomeningeal disease (median survival, 21 versus...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral MR imaging in infants is usually performed with a field strength of up to 3T. In adults, a growing number of studies have shown added diagnostic value of 7T MR imaging. 7T MR imaging might be of additional value in infants with unexplained seizures, for example. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of 7T MR imaging in infants. We provide information about the safety preparations and show the first MR images of infants at 7T. MATERIALS AND...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain MRI of newborns with congenital heart disease show signs of immaturity relative to healthy controls. Our aim was to determine whether the semiquantitative fetal total maturation score can detect abnormalities in brain maturation in fetuses with congenital heart disease in the second and third trimesters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from a prospective study of fetuses with and without congenital heart disease who underwent fetal MR imaging at 25–35 weeks’...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: We recently observed a type of MR imaging artifact that consistently mimics an abnormal appearance of the cerebral cortex, leading to initial misinterpretation and repeat scans. The artifact is caused by malfunction of part of the multichannel phased array head coil and is manifested by irregularity of cortical surface and gray-white matter junctions. The presence of such an artifact can be confirmed by assessing the background noise of the MR images and checking the coil element status...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND: In-stent restenosis affects long-term outcome in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. PURPOSE: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of in-stent restenosis. DATA SOURCES: All literature that reported in-stent restenosis was searched on PubMed, Ovid EMBASE and Ovid MEDLINE data bases. STUDY SELECTION: Original articles about stents for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis were selected. DATA...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an active worldwide pandemic with diverse complications. Stroke as a presentation has not been strongly associated with COVID-19. The authors aimed to retrospectively review a link between COVID-19 and acute stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 41 cases and 82 control subjects matched by age, sex, and risk factors. Cases were patients who underwent stroke alert imaging with confirmed...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Congenital heart disease is a leading cause of neurocognitive impairment. Many subcortical structures are known to play a crucial role in higher-order cognitive processing. However, comprehensive anatomic characterization of these structures is currently lacking in the congenital heart disease population. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the morphometry and volume of the globus pallidus, striatum, and thalamus between youth born with congenital heart disease and healthy...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: The rapid spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has shaken hospitals worldwide. Some authors suggest that neurologic involvement could further complicate the disease. This descriptive study is a cross-sectional review of 103 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who underwent neuroimaging (of a total of 2249 patients with COVID-19 in our center). Analyzed variables were neurologic symptoms and acute imaging findings. The most frequent symptoms that motivated neuroimaging...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased in the period from the 1970s to 2004, due to increase of infection with human papilloma virus (HPV). This study aimed to examine the role of histogram analysis of the ADC in treatment response and survival prediction of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and known human papillomavirus status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective single-center study. Following inclusion...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: Despite the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) being more frequently related to acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute cardiac and renal injuries, thromboembolic events have been increasingly reported. We report a unique series of young patients with COVID-19 presenting with cerebral venous system thrombosis. Three patients younger than 41 years of age with confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infection had neurologic findings related...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tentorial sinus venous channels within the tentorium cerebelli connecting various cerebellar and supratentorial veins, as well as the basal vein, to adjacent venous sinuses are a well-recognized entity. Also well-known are "dural lakes" at the vertex. However, the presence of similar channels in the supratentorial dura, serving as recipients of the Labbe, superficial temporal, and lateral and medial parieto-occipital veins, among others, appears to be underappreciated. Also...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: There is growing evidence that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a neurotropic and neuroinvasive potential. In particular, neurologic complications associated with the infection by SARS-CoV-2 include strokes that may result from a dysregulated inflammatory response to the infection. We report an atypical deep cerebral vein thrombosis complicated with hemorrhagic venous infarction in a patient positive for SARS-CoV-2 with no risk factors for thrombosis.
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory changes in the fat tissue surrounding the coronary arteries have been associated with coronary artery disease and high-risk vulnerable plaques. Our aim was to investigate possible correlations between the presence and degree of perivascular fat density and a marker of vulnerable carotid plaque, namely contrast plaque enhancement on CTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred patients (76 men, 24 women; mean age, 69 years) who underwent CT angiography for...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: Little is known about the neurologic sequelae of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We assessed neuroimaging findings in 4 patients positive for COVID-19. All had abnormal mental status, deranged coagulation parameters, and markedly elevated D-dimer levels. CT/MR imaging showed a common pattern of multifocal subcortical/cortical petechial-type hemorrhages, while SWI showed more extensive multifocal abnormalities. The appearances are consistent with a thrombotic microangiopathy and may...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Clinical and imaging manifestations of idiopathic intracranial hypertension should prompt early diagnosis and treatment to avoid complications. Multiple diagnostic imaging criteria are reported to suggest the diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension with questionable sensitivity and/or specificity. Increased intracranial pressure results in dilation of the perineural cisternal spaces such as the optic nerve sheaths and the Meckel cave. It may also cause protrusion...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: Fueled by new techniques, computational tools, and broader availability of imaging data, artificial intelligence has the potential to transform the practice of neuroradiology. The recent exponential increase in publications related to artificial intelligence and the central focus on artificial intelligence at recent professional and scientific radiology meetings underscores the importance. There is growing momentum behind leveraging artificial intelligence techniques to improve workflow...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Pediatric acute toxic leukoencephalopathy is a clinicoradiologic entity comprising various etiologies. This study aimed to identify the MR imaging appearance of pediatric acute toxic leukoencephalopathy from various etiologies and determine whether the etiology correlates with clinical outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the electronic records of patients with pediatric acute toxic leukoencephalopathy younger than 19 years of age who had MR...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Volumetric brain MR imaging typically has long acquisition times. We sought to evaluate an ultrafast MPRAGE sequence based on Wave-CAIPI (Wave-MPRAGE) compared with standard MPRAGE for evaluation of regional brain tissue volumes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed scan-rescan experiments in 10 healthy volunteers to evaluate the intraindividual variability of the brain volumes measured using the standard and Wave-MPRAGE sequences. We then evaluated 43 consecutive...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The modified TICI score is the benchmark for quantifying reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy. There has been limited investigation into the reliability of this score. We aim to identify intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the mTICI score among endovascular neurosurgeons. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four independent endovascular neurosurgeons (raters) reviewed angiograms of 67 patients at 2 time points. statistics assessed inter- and intrarater reliability...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have shown that diffusion tensor imaging suggests a diffuse loss of white matter integrity in people with white matter hyperintensities or lacunes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the presence of cerebral microbleeds and their distribution are related to the integrity of white matter microstructures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 982 participants who underwent brain MR imaging to determine microbleed status. The cross-sectional...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND: Severe carotid stenosis carries a high risk of stroke. However, the risk of stroke with nonstenotic carotid plaques (<50%) is increasingly recognized. PURPOSE: We aimed to summarize the risk of TIA or stroke in patients with nonstenotic carotid plaques. DATA SOURCES: We performed a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke in whom carotid imaging was performed using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database, including studies published...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Phase imaging helps determine a lesion’s susceptibility. However, various inhomogenous phase patterns could be observed in the serial phase images of a lesion and render image interpretation challenging. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of differentiating cerebral microbleeds and calcifications from phase patterns in axial locations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study retrospectively enrolled 31 consecutive patients undergoing both CT and MR imaging for acute infarction...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Clinical Activity Score is widely used to grade activity of thyroid eye disease and guide treatment decisions, but as a subjective measurement and being confined to the anterior orbit, it has limitations. Non-EPI-DWI of the extraocular muscles may offer advantages as a functional imaging technique with reduced skull base artifacts, but the correlation with the Clinical Activity Score and patient outcome is unknown. Our aim was to establish the correlation between the...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preclinical evidence points toward a metabolic reprogramming in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutated tumor cells with down-regulation of the expression of genes that encode for glycolytic metabolism. We noninvasively investigated lactate and Cr concentrations, as well as intracellular pH using 1H/phosphorus 31 (31P) MR spectroscopy in a cohort of patients with gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty prospectively enrolled, mostly untreated patients with gliomas met...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tractography of the facial nerve based on single-shell diffusion MR imaging is thought to be helpful before surgery for resection of vestibular schwannoma. However, this paradigm can be vitiated by the isotropic diffusion of the CSF, the convoluted path of the facial nerve, and its crossing with other bundles. Here we propose a multishell diffusion MR imaging acquisition scheme combined with probabilistic tractography that has the potential to provide a presurgical facial...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain MR imaging at term-equivalent age is a useful tool to define brain injury in preterm infants. We report pragmatic clinical radiological assessment of images from a large unselected cohort of preterm infants imaged at term and document the spectrum and frequency of acquired brain lesions and their relation to outcomes at 20 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Infants born at <33 weeks’ gestation were recruited from South and North West London neonatal units and...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Polymicrogyria and lissencephaly may be associated with abnormal organization of the undelying white matter tracts that have been rarely investigated so far. Our aim was to characterize white matter tract organization in polymicrogyria and lissencephaly using constrained spherical deconvolution, a multifiber diffusion MR imaging modeling technique for white matter tractography reconstruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 50 patients (mean age,...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A uniform policy on parental leave in radiology training programs is lacking. Although previous publications have addressed the status of parental leave policy among radiology residency programs, the state of parental leave in radiology fellowships has not been addressed to date. Our aim was to determine the state of parental leave policies in American neuroradiology fellowship programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An Internet survey was sent to the directors of neuroradiology...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: New York City has become the global epicenter of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite a massive shift in health care resources, cerebrovascular disease continues to be a substantial burden. We review the first 10 patients undergoing thrombectomy following a series of governmental and institutional policy changes diverting resources to the care of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Ten patients with emergent large-vessel occlusion underwent thrombectomy between March 23...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a condition characterized by low CSF volume secondary to leakage through a dural defect with no identifiable cause. Patients classically present with orthostatic headaches, but this symptom is not specific to spontaneous intracranial hypotension, and initial misdiagnosis is common. The most prominent features of spontaneous intracranial hypotension on intracranial MR imaging include "brain sag" and diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement, but these characteristics...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
SUMMARY: "Encephalopathy" is a vague term that encompasses varying definitions, often with a nonspecific clinical presentation and numerous possible pathophysiologic causes. Hence, MR imaging plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis and treatment by identifying imaging patterns when there is limited clinical history in such patients with acute encephalopathy. The aim of this review was to aid in remembrance of etiologies of potentially reversible acute encephalopathic syndromes on MR imaging....
Wed Aug 12, 2020 18:00
Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1) has been identified as cancer-related protein. CTHRC1 expresses mainly in adventitial fibroblasts and neointimal smooth muscle cells of balloon-injured vessels and promotes cell migration and tissue repair in response to injury. CTHRC1 plays a pivotal role in some pathophysiological processes, including increasing bone mass, preventing myelination, and reversing collagen synthesis in many tumor cells. The ascended expression of CTHRC1 is related...
Wed Aug 12, 2020 17:05
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: NeuroImage, Volume 222Author(s): Alberto De Luca, Fenghua Guo, Martijn Froeling, Alexander Leemans
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: NeuroImage, Volume 222Author(s): Ben Seymour, Flavia Mancini
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: 15 November 2020Source: NeuroImage, Volume 222Author(s): Cristina Barca, Claudia Foray, Sven Hermann, Christian Döring, Michael Schäfers, Andreas H. Jacobs, Bastian Zinnhardt
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: 1 November 2020Source: NeuroImage, Volume 221Author(s): Elisa Castaldi, Alexandre Vignaud, Evelyn Eger
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 12 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Claire Rabut, Jérémy Ferrier, Adrien Bertolo, Bruno Osmanski, Xavier Mousset, Sophie Pezet, Thomas Deffieux, Zsolt Lenkei, Mickaël Tanter
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 12 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Eli Müller, Brandon Munn, Luke J. Hearne, Jared B. Smith, Ben Fulcher, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Daniel J. Lurie, Luca Cocchi, James M. Shine
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Pierre-Louis Bazin, Hannah E. Nijsse, Wietske van der Zwaag, Daniel Gallichan, Anneke Alkemade, Frans M. Vos, Birte U. Forstmann, Matthan W.A. Caan
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 8 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Lorenzo Mancuso, Alex Fornito, Tommaso Costa, Linda Ficco, Donato Liloia, Jordi Manuello, Sergio Duca, Franco Cauda
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): L. Ferrando, N. Ventura-Campos, I. Epifanio
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Yihe Weng, Xiaojin Liu, Huiqing Hu, Huiyuan Huang, Senning Zheng, Qinyuan Chen, Jie Song, Bolin Cao, Junjing Wang, Shuai Wang, Ruiwang Huang
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Francisco J. López-González, Jesús Silva-Rodríguez, José Paredes-Pacheco, Aida Niñerola-Baizán, Nikos Efthimiou, Carmen Martín-Martín, Alexis Moscoso, Álvaro Ruibal, Núria Roé-Vellvé, Pablo Aguiar
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 7 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Karl-Heinz Nenning, Ting Xu, Ernst Schwartz, Jesus Arroyo, Adelheid Woehrer, Alexandre R. Franco, Joshua T. Vogelstein, Daniel S. Margulies, Hesheng Liu, Jonathan Smallwood, Michael P. Milham, Georg Langs
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 6 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Samuel J. Harrison, Janine D. Bijsterboch, Andrew R. Segerdahl, Sean P. Fitzgibbon, Seyedeh-Rezvan Farahibozorg, Eugene P. Duff, Stephen M. Smith, Mark W. Woolrich
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Deborah Talamonti, Catharine Montgomery, Dan P.A. Clark, Davide Bruno
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 5 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Ricci Hannah, Vignesh Muralidharan, Kelsey K. Sundby, Adam R. Aron
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 4 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Minh Nguyen, Tong He, Lijun An, Daniel C. Alexander, Jiashi Feng, B.T. Thomas Yeo, for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Claes Nøhr Ladefoged, Adam Espe Hansen, Otto Mølby Henriksen, Frederik Jager Bruun, Live Eikenes, Silje Kjærnes Øen, Anna Karlberg, Liselotte Højgaard, Ian Law, Flemming Littrup Andersen
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Chaoyue Wang, Sean Foxley, Olaf Ansorge, Sarah Bangerter-Christensen, Mark Chiew, Anna Leonte, Ricarda AL Menke, Jeroen Mollink, Menuka Pallebage-Gamarallage, Martin R Turner, Karla L Miller, Benjamin C. Tendler
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Damien Benis, Claire Haegelen, Philippe Voruz, Jordan Pierce, Valérie Milesi, Jean-François Houvenaghel, Marc Vérin, Paul Sauleau, Didier Grandjean, Julie Péron
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Elliot A. Layden, Huibo Li, Kathryn E. Schertz, Marc G. Berman, Sarah E. London
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Kathrin C.J. Eschmann, Regine Bader, Axel Mecklinger
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Qiuyun Fan, Aapo Nummenmaa, Thomas Witzel, Ned Ohringer, Qiyuan Tian, Kawin Setsompop, Eric C. Klawiter, Bruce R. Rosen, Lawrence L. Wald, Susie Y. Huang
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): E Jolly, S Sadhukha, L.J. Chang
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
Publication date: Available online 29 July 2020Source: NeuroImageAuthor(s): Diego Lombardo, Catherine Cassé-Perrot, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva, Arnaud Le Troter, Maxime Guye, Jonathan Wirsich, Pierre Payoux, David Bartrés-Faz, Régis Bordet, Jill C. Richardson, Olivier Felician, Viktor Jirsa, Olivier Blin, Mira Didic, Demian Battaglia
Wed Aug 12, 2020 23:39
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